现代主义--背景和被忽视的文学表现形式

Monica Chifor
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摘要

现代主义是 19 世纪末兴起的一种艺术和文化主流思潮,本文将讨论现代主义的兴起及其特点。现代主义涵盖文化的各个方面,包括高级艺术、评论、城市规划等。在文学方面,现代主义是对现实主义叙事传统的反动,它摒弃了传统的叙事方式,采用了新的技巧,如内心独白和以展示代替讲述。本研究探讨了关于现代主义是否已经终结的争论。评论家认为现代主义在 1930 年左右结束,但也有人持不同意见,指出有关现代主义的文学研究不断涌现,并对各种文学理论产生了影响。本文从跨学科的角度讨论了现代主义的概念,涵盖了象征主义、印象主义、表现主义等各种艺术思潮。论文还论述了现代主义在视觉艺术、音乐和建筑等不同艺术形式中的发展及其对 "包豪斯 "运动概念的影响。此外,论文还讨论了哈莱姆文艺复兴,这是 20 世纪初以纽约哈莱姆为中心的一场文化运动。论文重点介绍了该运动中的杰出人物,如兰斯顿-休斯、佐拉-尼尔-赫斯顿和理查德-布鲁斯-纽金特,他们通过各种艺术形式表现了非裔美国人的生活和文化。论文还探讨了大众文化对现代主义的影响,提到了马修-阿诺德(Mathew Arnold)的 "文化与无政府状态 "概念,以及 F.R. 利维斯(F.R. Leavis)对大众文明的批判及其对真实情感和负责任思考的影响。总之,本文概述了现代主义的多面性、它对各种艺术形式的影响以及它与 20 世纪社会和文化变迁的互动关系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Modernism-context and Overlooked Literary Manifestations
The following paper discusses the emergence and characteristics of modernism, a dominant trend in art and culture that emerged in the late 19th century. Modernism encompasses various aspects of culture, including high art, criticism, city planning, and more. In literature, modernism represents a reaction against the conventions of realist narrative, moving away from traditional storytelling and embracing new techniques such as interior monologue and showing instead of telling. The research explores the debate on whether modernism has come to an end. Critics argue that it ended around 1930, while others disagree, pointing to the continued emergence of literary studies on modernism and its influence on various literary theories. The concept of modernism is discussed in an interdisciplinary context, encompassing various artistic currents, including symbolism, impressionism, expressionism, and more. The paper also touches upon the development of modernism in different art forms like visual arts, music, and architecture, and its influence on the concept of the “Bauhaus” movement. Furthermore, the paper discusses the Harlem Renaissance, a cultural movement centered in Harlem, New York, during the early 20th century. It highlights prominent figures of the movement, such as Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, and Richard Bruce Nugent, who expressed African American life and culture through various forms of art. The impact of mass culture on modernism is also explored, with references to Mathew Arnold’s concept of culture and anarchy and F.R. Leavis’ criticism of mass civilization and its effect on authentic feeling and responsible thinking. Overall, the paper provides and overview of modernism’s multifaceted nature, its influence on various art forms, and its interaction with societal and cultural shifts during the 20th century.
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