蔬菜和水果消费量、常量营养素摄入量和体育活动与青少年营养状况之间的关系

Lillah Rizqi Fauziah, Veni Indrawati
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引用次数: 0

摘要

青春期是从童年到成年的过渡阶段。10-19 岁这个年龄段的青少年非常容易出现营养问题,因为这个年龄段的青少年经历着荷尔蒙的变化,这可能会影响他们的身体变化。青少年营养问题的出现是由于营养行为以及对消费和均衡营养需求的误解造成的。本研究旨在确定威远县青少年的蔬菜和水果摄入量、常量营养素摄入量以及体育锻炼与营养状况之间的关系。本研究是一项横断面定量研究。研究对象为 96 名青少年。数据收集采用 SQ-FFQ 表、2x24 小时食物回忆表、青少年体力活动问卷(PAQ-A)以及直接测量体重和身高的方法。数据分析采用斯皮尔曼秩检验。基于女性性别的研究结果表明,蔬菜摄入量(P=0.000)、水果摄入量(P=0.001)、能量摄入量(P=0.004)、脂肪摄入量(P=0.001)、碳水化合物摄入量(P=0.000)和体力活动量(P=0.000)与青少年的营养状况有显著关系。而蛋白质摄入量(p=0.185)与青少年的营养状况没有相关性。基于男性性别的研究结果表明,能量摄入量(p=0.004)、蛋白质摄入量(p=0.000)、脂肪摄入量(p=0.046)、碳水化合物摄入量(p=0.004)和体力活动量(p=0.002)与青少年的营养状况有显著关系。同时,蔬菜摄入量(p=0.341)和水果摄入量(p=0.947)与青少年营养状况没有相关性。10-19岁的青少年是一个特殊的群体,他们的荷尔蒙分泌和鱼类摄入量都很高。通过对设备的保护,可以降低设备的危险性,提高设备的安全性和可靠性。泗水市泗水和泗水区的项目中,有一个项目的目的是为了改善泗水和泗水区的环境,提高泗水和泗水区居民的生活质量,改善泗水和泗水区的渔业状况。该调查的目的是通过横断面调查来了解渔业状况。共有 96 名妇女参与其中。调查数据包括SQ-FFQ问卷、2x24果酱食物回忆问卷、青少年体力活动问卷(PAQ-A)以及当地的睡眠和睡眠质量调查表。对数据进行分析,以确定矛的排名。通过对儿童健康指标的分析,我们发现,与健康状况相关的重要指标有:体重(P=0,000)、血糖(P=0,001)、能量(P=0,004)、膳食(P=0,001)、碳水化合物(P=0,000)和渔业活动(P=0,000)。而蛋白质(p=0,185)则与其他状态相关。通过对营养成分的分析,我们发现,能量(p=0,004)、蛋白质(p=0,000)、膳食(p=0,046)、碳水化合物(p=0,004)和鱼类活动(p=0,002)对健康状况的影响显著。但是,"骚动"(p=0,341)和 "骚动"(p=0,947)可能会影响到对 "状态 "的理解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
HUBUNGAN KONSUMSI SAYURAN DAN BUAH, ASUPAN ZAT GIZI MAKRO DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK DENGAN STATUS GIZI REMAJA
Adolescence is a transition phase from childhood to adulthood. The adolescent age group of 10-19 is very vulnerable to nutritional problems, because at that age adolescents experience hormonal changes which may affect their physical changes. Nutritional problems in adolescents appear due to nutritional behavior and misunderstanding of consumption and balanced nutritional needs. This study aims to determine the relationship between vegetables and fruits consumption, macronutrients intake, and physical activity with nutritional status in adolescents in Wiyung district. This research is a quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. Respondents of this study are 96 teenagers. Data was collected using the SQ-FFQ form, 2x24 hour food recall form, Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A) and direct measurements of body weight and height. Data analysis using Spearman's rank test. The results of the study based on female gender showed that there was a significant relationship between vegetable consumption (p=0.000), fruit consumption (p=0.001), energy intake (p=0.004), fat intake (p=0.001), carbohydrate intake (p=0.000) , and physical activity (p=0.000) with the nutritional status of adolescents. Meanwhile, protein intake (p=0.185) had no correlation with the nutritional status of adolescents. The results of the study based on male gender showed that there was a significant relationship between energy intake (p=0.004), protein intake (p=0.000), fat intake (p=0.046), carbohydrate intake (p=0.004), and physical activity (p = 0.002) with the nutritional status of adolescents. Meanwhile, vegetable consumption (p=0.341) and fruit consumption (p=0.947) had no correlation with adolescent nutritional status.Usia remaja merupakan kondisi peralihan masa anak- anak menuju dewasa. Kelompok usia remaja 10-19 tahun termasuk kelompok yang sangat rentan terhadap permasalahan gizi, dikarenakan pada usia tersebut remaja mengalami perubahan hormonal dan berpengaruh pada perubahan fisiknya. Permasalahan gizi pada remaja timbul akibat perilaku gizi dan pemahaman yang salah mengenai konsumsi dan kebutuhan gizi yang seimbang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan konsumsi sayur dan buah, asupan zat gizi makro dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi pada remaja di kecamatan wiyung surabaya. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Responden penelitian ini berjumlah 96 remaja. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan formulir SQ-FFQ, formulir food recall 2x24 jam, Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A) serta pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan secara langsung. Analisis data dengan menggunakan uji rank spearman. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan jenis kelamin perempuan menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan konsumsi sayur (p=0,000), konsumsi buah (p=0,001), asupan energi (p=0,004), asupan lemak (p=0,001), asupan karbohidrat (p=0,000), dan aktivitas fisik (p=0,000) dengan status gizi remaja. Sedangkan asupan protein (p=0,185) tidak memiliki korelasi dengan status gizi remaja. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan jenis kelamin laki-laki menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan asupan energi (p=0,004), asupan protein (p=0,000), asupan lemak (p=0,046), asupan karbohidrat (p=0,004), dan aktivitas fisik (p=0,002) dengan status gizi remaja. Sedangkan konsumsi sayur (p=0,341) dan konsumsi buah (p=0,947) tidak memiliki korelasi dengan status gizi remaja.
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