与医务人员职业倦怠相关的风险因素:系统回顾

Maryam Alvandi, Jenna Davis
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要 目的医疗保健专业的院士们的职业倦怠综合症对他们的身心健康和工作表现产生了负面影响,在全世界范围内都很常见。本系统性综述旨在确定医学教师中的职业倦怠因素。材料和方法。按照《系统综述和元分析首选报告项目》(PRISMA)指南,在《护理和专职医疗文献引用和摘要》(CINAHL)Plus(含全文)、MEDLINE(含全文)、Academic Search Complete 和 PsycInfo 中进行电子检索。在排除重复文章和不符合纳入标准的文章后,有 17 项研究被纳入最终分析。唐斯和布莱克(Downs & Black)开发的质量指数核对表用于评估纳入研究的方法学质量。在我们关注的领域中没有随机对照试验,非随机研究得分较低。结果。共有 17 项研究(7,056 名参与者)符合纳入标准,涉及 6 个国家。职业倦怠的主要相关因素包括:社会人口学特征和工作相关特征;医生因素(年龄、性别少数身份、残疾、减少工作量的愿望)和工作场所文化;人口学因素,包括性别、民族/种族、工作年限、专业和工作相关因素;缺乏制度因素,如导师制、合作机会、授权感、价值感和对幸福的支持;不良的师生关系和职业行为;感知到的压力、配偶/伴侣的支持、自我效能感和抑郁;工作时间长、同事之间的人际交往、家庭和社会因素,包括与女性、感觉和情绪以及个人素质具体相关的挑战;工作量大、休息时间有限、工作性质(高风险工作)、围绕职业倦怠的耻辱感/文化、行政负担、缺乏自主权以及频繁的绩效反馈;时间安排失调;专业成就感、健康文化、个人依赖性和实践效率不足;缺乏组织公正和工作满意度;以及焦虑抑郁水平。结论医学教职员工的职业倦怠现象相当普遍,这可能会使人崩溃。医学教职员工的职业倦怠仍然是机构发展和成功的最大威胁。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Risk Factors Associated with Burnout among Medical Faculty: A Systematic Review
Abstract Aim. Burnout syndrome in academicians of healthcare professions adversely aff ects their well-being and performance during work, and it is considered common worldwide. The aim of this systematic review was to identify burnout factors among medical faculty. Material and methods. Electronic searches were conducted in Citations and Abstracts for Literature of Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL) Plus with full text, MEDLINE with full text, Academic Search Complete, and PsycInfo following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. After excluding duplicates and articles, which did not meet the inclusion criteria, 17 studies were included in the fi nal analysis. The Quality Index checklist developed by Downs & Black was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies. There are no randomized controlled trials in our area of interest, and non-randomized studies scored low. Results. A total of 17 studies (7,056 participants) across six countries were compatible with the inclusion criteria. Main associated factors of burnout included socio-demographic and work-related characteristics; physician factors (age, gender minority status, disability, desire to reduce the workload) and workplace culture; demographic factors, including sex, ethnicity/race, years of experience, specialty, and work-related factors; lack of institutional factors, such as mentorship, collaboration opportunities, feelings of empowerment, value, and support of well-being; poor faculty relationships and professional behaviors; perceived stressors, spousal/ partner support, self-efficacy, and depression; long working hours, interpersonal interactions among the colleagues, family and social factors, including challenges related specifically to women, feelings and emotions, and personal qualities; high workload, limited time off, nature of work (high stake job), stigma/culture around burnout, administrative burden, lack of autonomy, and frequent performance feedback; high schedule misalignment; inadequate professional fulfillment, culture of wellness, personal reliance, and efficiency of practice; lack of organizational justice and job satisfaction; and anxiety-depression levels. Conclusions. There was a considerable prevalence of burnout among medical faculty, which can be debilitating. Burnout among medical faculty remains the greatest threat to institutional growth and success.
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