The Upper bound limit analysis of slope in cohesive-frictional soils using the node-based smoothed finite element method

This paper presents the upper bound limit analysis of slope in cohesive-frictional soils using the node-based smoothed finite element method (NS-FEM). The soil slope was discretized as triangular elements and modeled as Mohr-Coulomb material with the associated flow rule. This paper investigated the variation of slope stability numbers Ns with the change of the slope inclination angle a and b, and internal friction angle f. In this study, several numerical examples of slopes have been investigated, showing that the NS-FEM approach can demonstrate accuracy and efficiency solutions. Finally, the stability results are presented in design tables and charts for engineers to use in the preliminary design stage of the slope stability analysis.