Invasive Species Impact in Agriculture: Striking a Balance Between Productivity, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Health

The global spread of pests due to climate change poses a significant obstacle to ensuring a secure and healthy food supply for the growing world population. By 2050, the population is projected to increase from 7.6 billion to 9.8 billion, and it is estimated to reach 11.2 billion by the 21st century. A substantial portion of this growth will take place in sub Saharan Africa, where a quarter of the population is currently suffering from hunger. Tropical farmers face challenges with pests, diseases, and weeds. They are now dealing with new issues when non-native species suddenly appear. For instance, the Fall Armyworm came from America to West Africa and spread across Africa, Asia, and eventually reached Australia. Invasive species are species, like plants, animals, or microorganisms, not originally from an area. Their introduction disrupts the natural processes of an ecosystem, threatening biodiversity, food security, health, and economic development. Sometimes, species are introduced intentionally or accidentally, and they can establish themselves, competing with the local ecosystem and taking over the new environment.