甲基苯丙胺戒断期间的认知表现

Pedro Fernández Ruiz, Nereyda Cruz-Zúñiga, Carmen Ivette Hernández Vergara, Julio Román Martínez Alvarado, Yolanda Viridiana Chávez Flores, Ana Gabriela Magallanes-Rodríguez
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引用次数: 0

摘要

为了解甲基苯丙胺吸食者戒断甲基苯丙胺与认知能力之间的关系,我们开展了一项文献调查。根据地区数据,甲基苯丙胺是第四大初吸毒品,也是第一大非法影响毒品(ENA,2011 年;ENCODAT,2016 年)。Goldstein 和 Volkow(2011 年)的一项研究证实,成瘾会导致前额叶皮层紊乱,而这些改变会产生强迫性药物使用、与成瘾相关的不良行为以及决策缺陷。关于甲基苯丙胺的戒断,一些研究发现在戒断过程中执行功能和工作记忆会出现困难。总之,我们可以看到,负责执行功能的前额叶区域功能减弱,多巴胺缺陷弥补了记忆缺陷。至于功能的改变,尽管结果不尽相同,但我们看到在抑制控制、执行速度和信息处理方面表现不佳。尽管这些缺陷也伴随着冲动控制和社会认知方面的问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Desempeño cognitivo durante la abstinencia de metanfetaminas
A documentary investigation was carried out to understand the relationship between methamphetamine abstinence and cognitive performance in methamphetamine users. According to regional figures, methamphetamine is the fourth initiation drug and the first illegal impact drug according to statistics (ENA, 2011; ENCODAT, 2016). In a work carried out by Goldstein and Volkow (2011) it is confirmed that there is a disturbance in the prefrontal cortex due to addiction, and that from these alterations emerge compulsive substance use, disadvantageous behaviors that are associated with addiction, and deficits in decision making. Regarding methamphetamine withdrawal, several studies found difficulties in executive functions and working memory during the withdrawal process. In conclusion, we can see that there is a weakening of prefrontal regions responsible for executive functions and a memory deficit compensated by a dopamine deficit. Regarding the altered functions, despite the heterogeneity of the results, we see that there is poor performance in inhibitory control, execution speed and information processing. Although these deficits are also accompanied by a problem with impulse control and social cognition.
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