女性体重指数和年龄对饮食失调症发展的影响

V.O. Ziuzin
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摘要

背景。肥胖和超重每年导致 130 多万人死亡,但即使这个数字也可能被低估了。根据《全球营养报告》,2021 年,乌克兰 61.4%的男性和 55.5%的女性面临这一问题。90.0%的肥胖症是生活方式、饮食失调和体育锻炼造成的。 本研究旨在评估身体质量指数指标和女性年龄对饮食失调行为发展的影响。 材料和方法。研究涉及 240 名女性患者,根据体重指数分为 4 组:第 1 组包括 60 名体重不足的女性,体重指数(BMI)平均为(18.0±0.75)kg/m2;第 2 组--60 名超重女性,体重指数平均为(27.5±0.98)kg/m2;第 3 组--60 名肥胖女性,体重指数平均为(32.2±1.21)kg/m2。在第 3 组的妇女中,40 人为妇科型肥胖,20 人为腹部型肥胖。对照组有 60 名妇女,平均体重指数(23.5±1.11)千克/平方米。患者年龄从 18 岁到 75 岁不等,平均年龄为(46.5±1.41)岁。调查过程中使用了多种心理测试(饮食态度测试、身体态度测试和饮食失调检查访谈)。 结果和结论与对照组相比,第 1 组妇女患神经性贪食症的频率是对照组的 8 倍(P<0.05),患神经性厌食症的频率是对照组的 2.7 倍(P<0.05)。在第 2 组患者中,强迫性暴饮暴食的发生率是对照组的 5 倍(P<0.05),而在第 3 组中,强迫性暴饮暴食的发生率是对照组的 18 倍(P<0.05)。年轻(18-30 岁)与神经性贪食症(r=0.7,p=0.02)、非典型神经性贪食症(r=0.8,p=0.001)、神经性厌食症(r=0.76,p=0.003)和非典型神经性厌食症(r=0.87,p=0.004)之间有很强的相关性。 关键词:肥胖、超重、强迫性暴食、食物行为障碍。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The impact of body mass index and age of women on development of eating disorders
Background. Obesity and overweight cause more than 1.3 million deaths each year, but even this figure may be an underestimate. According to the Global Nutrition Report, in 2021, 61.4% of men and 55.5% of women in Ukraine faced this problem. 90.0% of obesity cases are the result of lifestyle, eating disorders and physical activity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influx of indicators of the body mass index and age of women on the development of disordered eating behavior. Materials and Methods. The study involved 240 female patients divided into 4 groups depending on the BMI: group 1 included 60 women with underweight, with Body Mass Index (BMI) average (18.0±0.75) kg/m2; group 2 – 60 overweight women with BMI average (27.5±0.98) kg/m2, group 3 – 60 obese women with BMI average (32.2±1.21) kg/m2. Of the women of group 3, 40 had gynoid type obesity, 20 – abdominal type obesity. The control group consisted of 60 women with average BMI (23.5±1.11) kg/m2. The age of the patients ranged from 18 years to 75, average age was (46.5±1.41) years. During the investigation, a variety of psychometric tests were used (Eating Attitudes Tests, Body Attitudes Test and Eating Disorder Examination Interview). Results and Conclusions. In women of group 1 bulimia nervosa was recorded 8 times (p<0.05) more often, and anorexia nervosa 2.7 times (p<0.05) more often than in the control group. In patients of group 2, compulsive overeating was recorded 5 times (p<0.05) more often, and in group 3 – 18 times (p<0.05) more often than in the control group. Strong correlation was established between the young age (18–30 years) and bulimia nervosa (r=0.7, p=0.02), atypical bulimia nervosa (r=0.8, p=0.001), anorexia nervosa (r=0.76, p=0.003) and atypical anorexia nervosa (r=0.87, p=0.004). Keywords: obesity, overweight, compulsive overeating, food behavior disorders.
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