Description of an initiative to optimize mental healthcare services in a level 4 neonatal intensive care unit

This paper details the implementation of a novel model of embedded mental healthcare for parents of infants hospitalized in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Data were collected from 79 mothers receiving NICU-based psychological services at a major US academic medical center and included self-report mood and treatment satisfaction measures, as well as basic factors related to mental health and obstetrical history. Of those referred for care, 49% participated in at least one treatment session. Partnered mothers were more likely to accept services. Participants reported elevated symptoms of depression (37%, PHQ-9≥10) and anxiety (48%, GAD-7≥10). Participants generally reported that services were very helpful (71%) or moderately helpful (25%). Assessment of prior mental healthcare revealed that 21% reported none, 43% had received counseling, and 36% received both counseling and medication. Findings support the need for increased availability of mental health care services for parents whose infants are hospitalized in a NICU.