肺癌筛查意愿:知情者和符合筛查条件者之间的差异

Hollis Hutchings MD , Olivia Aspiras PhD , Anurag Dawadi MA , Anqi Wang MS , Laila Poisson PhD , Todd Lucas PhD , Ikenna Okereke MD
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景肺癌是癌症相关死亡的首要原因。尽管肺癌筛查已被证明可以降低死亡率,但只有一小部分符合筛查条件的人接受了筛查。本研究向符合筛查条件的人简要介绍了肺癌风险、预防和筛查建议。我们创建了一个在线肺癌筛查学习模块,并在 2022 年 11 月至 2023 年 2 月期间向符合筛查条件的美国白人(n = 173)和美国黑人(n = 52)发放。参与者观看了有关肺癌风险和筛查的简短模块。之后,参与者使用计划行为理论测量框架(态度、规范、感知控制和筛查意向)对其考虑未来筛查的意愿进行评分,分数越高表示意愿越强。我们还记录了参与者的人口统计学特征。结果 美国黑人对接受筛查的控制感知高于美国白人(t223 = -3.10;P <;.001;d = 1.28)。我们没有观察到其他种族在意愿方面的差异,因为美国黑人和美国白人报告了相似的态度、规范信念和意向。女性也比男性表现出更积极的态度和更强烈的筛查意愿(t223 = -2.42;P = .02;d = 1.66)。结论一旦了解了肺癌的风险、预防和筛查建议,美国黑人可能和美国白人一样愿意接受筛查,这凸显了肺癌筛查接受率存在种族差异的潜在原因,而非意愿因素。意愿方面的性别差异凸显了针对不同性别进行宣传和沟通的潜在需求。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Willingness for Lung Cancer Screening: Disparities Among Informed, Screening-Eligible Individuals

Background

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death. Although lung cancer screening has been shown to reduce mortality, only a small fraction of eligible people receive screening. This study briefly educated screening-eligible individuals about lung cancer risk, prevention, and screening recommendations. We then evaluated race and gender as predictors of willingness to be screened once participants were educated.

Methods

An online lung cancer screening learning module was created and distributed to convenience samples of screening-eligible White Americans (n = 173) and Black Americans (n = 52) between November 2022 and February 2023. Participants viewed short modules about lung cancer risks and screening. Thereafter, participants rated their willingness to consider future screening using theory of planned behavior measurement frameworks (attitudes, norms, perceived control, and intentions to screen), with higher scores indicating greater willingness. Participant demographics were recorded.

Results

Black Americans reported higher perceived control over obtaining screening than White Americans (t223 = −3.10; P < .001; d = 1.28). We observed no other racial differences in willingness as Black Americans and White Americans reported similar attitudes, normative beliefs, and intentions. Women also showed more positive attitudes and greater intention to be screened than men did (t223 = −2.42; P = .02; d = 1.66).

Conclusions

Once informed about lung cancer risks, prevention, and screening recommendations, Black Americans may be as willing as White Americans to undergo screening, highlighting potential causal factors other than willingness for existing racial disparities in lung cancer screening uptake. Gender differences in willingness highlight a potential need for gender-targeted outreach and communication.

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