The experiences, views and beliefs of emerging adults and their carers of receiving adult mental health services in the UK: a systematic review and meta-ethnography

Media coverage has highlighted the difficulties encountered by young people in the UK in accessing appropriate mental health care after turning 18 years old. Little appears to be known about the experiences of 18–25-year-olds and their carers of receiving adult mental health services. This systematic review aimed to synthesise the qualitative evidence on the experiences, views and beliefs of emerging adults and their carers of using mental health services in the UK, using meta-ethnographic methods to identify the current research, any gaps in research and directions of future research. A systematic review and meta-ethnographic synthesis of nine qualitative studies was conducted. Three overarching themes were found: locus of control, embarking into adulthood, and accessibility and engagement. Emerging adults view embarking into adulthood as an essential part of their recovery. A reappraisal of the balance between confidentiality and collaboration with family, for this age group, is suggested. Emerging adults perceive stigma from service providers, which creates a barrier to accessibility and engagement with services. A coaching approach to care could support social inclusion, facilitate choice and promote self-determination for this cohort Addressing embarking needs, the locus of control and the accessibility of services may improve emerging adults’ experience of using mental health services. There is an impetus for mental health nurses to consider a coaching approach to care planning.