MODERN MARINE RESEARCH STABILIZED BUOYS

Marine stabilized buoys are currently a relatively new and rapidly developing branch of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) (Strategy GOOS-2030. 2021). They find application in a number of topical studies aimed at solving a wide range of problems, including the study of slow or deviant trends, such as seismic and volcanic processes in subduction zones, gas exchange between the ocean and the atmosphere, biooptical observations, etc. The proposed the article is of a review nature. Two different types of stabilized buoys are considered: “spar” with motion stabilization relative to the average level of the water surface and “inverted pendulum” with fixation relative to the seabed. Examples are given of a stabilized “spar” type buoy used to study the interaction of the atmosphere and the ocean, two “inverted pendulum” buoys as part of a system for calibrating optical satellite sensors and for monitoring seabed displacement in a zone of volcanic activity. The project of a stabilized buoy of the “spar” design made of stressed reinforced concrete, developed at the IO RAS, is described. The main advantages of such a buoy compared to metal buoys are: durability, environmental friendliness, relative cheapness. The features of the calculation of a buoy of a reinforced concrete structure are considered.