雷达站操作员视觉工作记忆功能的神经生物学和心理生理学差异

O. Podkovka, M. Makarchuk, N. Filimonova, I. Pampuha, Ye.V. Varzhanska
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引用次数: 0

摘要

操作员经常要承受很高的工作记忆负荷,因为任何可能有用的信息都必须随时可用并呈现给操作员。因此,我们假定他们可能已经在工作记忆实现机制方面形成了适应性,这有助于他们在信息超载条件下提高效率。我们的目标是确定雷达站操作员(RSO)和其他军事职业代表在视觉工作记忆功能方面的差异。为此,在进行原始计算机视觉工作记忆识别测试(有两个复杂程度)的同时,我们还记录了脑电图(随后进行相干和 LORETA 分析)和心电图(随后确定调节系统的压力指数)。结果发现,两组的反应时间和两次测试中的错误次数没有显著差异。同时,对照组在两次测试中额叶θ波段连贯连接的数量明显较多,这可能表明他们的精神压力和情绪投入程度较高。对照组的压力指数动态变化证实了这一假设。LORETA 分析表明,在 RSO 组中,从最初的任务开始,顶叶前部、蝶窦网络、楔状突和楔前突的参与程度就处于较高水平,而在对照组中,随着任务复杂程度的增加,参与程度也随之增加,这证明 RSO 的工作记忆发生了适应性变化,从而成功地应对了信息超载。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
NEUROBIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES OF VISUAL WORKING MEMORY FUNCTIONING IN RADAR STATION OPERATORS
Operators are often subjected to a high working memory load as far as any possibly useful information must always be available and presented to the operator. Thus, we assumed that they may have developed adaptations in mechanisms of working memory realization that help them to be more efficient in information overload conditions. Our aim was to define differences in visual working memory functioning in radar station operators (RSO) and other military profession representatives. For this purpose, in parallel with the performance of original computer tests for the visual working memory identification, which had two levels of complexity, we recorded an electroencephalogram with subsequent coherent and LORETA analysis and electrocardiogram with subsequent determining of stress index of the regulatory systems. It was found that reaction time, as well as the number of errors in both tests, didn`t differ significantly for the two groups. At the same time, the control group had a significantly higher number of θ-band coherent connections in the frontal lobe in both tests, which could indicate a higher level of mental stress and emotional involvement. This assumption was confirmed by the stress index dynamic in the control group. LORETA analysis showed that in the RSO group, the degree of fronto-parietal, cingulo-opercular networks, cuneus and precuneus involvement was at a high level from the very first tasks, while in the control group, it increased with task complexity, that is the evidence of adaptive changes in the working memory of RSO, due to which they successfully cope with information overload.
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