转移性冠状病毒感染对运动员内分泌系统疾病的影响

E. Tenyaeva, E. A. Turova, V. A. Badtieva, E. O. Okonkwo
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摘要

目的:研究病毒(以 COVID-19 为例)转移感染对运动员内分泌系统的影响。材料与方法:分析了 2021-2022 年期间接受深入体检的 1114 名运动员(平均年龄 22.23±4.18 岁)的数据。检查内容包括运动和传染病病史分析、激素、生化和仪器检查结果。结果:大多数运动员--724 人(65%)--感染了冠状病毒,其中绝大多数病例(91%)无症状或症状轻微。390名运动员(35%)没有感染史。与未感染冠状病毒的运动员相比,感染冠状病毒的运动员中甲状腺功能减退症、甲状腺毒症、胰岛素依赖型糖尿病、自身免疫性甲状腺炎的发病率明显增加。内分泌疾病的发生并不取决于感染的严重程度,最常见的是在轻微和无症状的过程中被发现。检查期间,在感染冠状病毒的运动员中发现了 6 例新诊断的 1 型糖尿病和 8 例甲亢。这些病症的发生与感染的严重程度无关。与此同时,在未患病的运动员中只发现了 1 例甲状腺毒症,没有发现新的 1 型糖尿病病例。在本研究中,没有发现传播性冠状病毒感染与结节性甲状腺肿、高泌乳素血症和 2 型糖尿病病例数增加之间存在关联。结论:研究结果表明,在COVID-19之后的长期时期内,原发性甲状腺功能减退、弥漫毒性甲状腺肿伴甲状腺毒症、自身免疫性甲状腺炎、1型糖尿病等自身免疫性内分泌疾病在运动员中的表现明显增多,这可能与病毒感染背景下的自身免疫交叉感染有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Influence of the transferred coronavirus infection on diseases of the endocrine system in athletes
Purpose: to study the effect of the transferred viral (on the example of COVID‑19) infection on the endocrine system of athletes.Materials and methods: the data of 1114 athletes (average age 22.23 ± 4.18 years) who underwent in‑depth medical examination in the period 2021–2022 were analyzed. The examination included an analysis of sports and infectious anamnesis, the results of hormonal, biochemical and instrumental studies.Results: coronavirus infection was suffered by the majority of athletes — 724 people (65 %) — in the vast majority of cases (91 %), their disease was asymptomatic or mild. 390 athletes (35 %) had no history of infection. There was a significant increase in the incidence of hypothyroidism, thyrotoxicosis, insulin‑dependent diabetes mellitus, autoimmune thyroiditis among athletes who had a coronavirus infection when compared with athletes who were not ill. The development of endocrine diseases did not depend on the severity of the infection and was most often detected with its mild and asymptomatic course. During the examination, six cases of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus and eight cases of thyrotoxicosis were detected among athletes who had a coronavirus infection. The development of these conditions did not depend on the severity of the infection. At the same time, only 1 case of thyrotoxicosis was registered in athletes who were not ill, no new cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus were diagnosed. In the present study, no association was found between the transmitted coronavirus infection and an increase in the number of cases of nodular goiter, hyperprolactinemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Conclusion: the results of the study showed that in the long‑term period after COVID‑19, autoimmune endocrine diseases, such as primary hypothyroidism, diffuse‑toxic goiter with thyrotoxicosis, autoimmune thyroiditis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, were significantly more often manifested in athletes, which is probably associated with a cross‑lesion of autoimmunity against a background of viral infection.
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