Hydrate-Based Carbon Dioxide Capture Technology in the Ocean: Research Advances and Challenges

The urgent need for emission reduction due to climate change has spurred the development of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies, with carbon dioxide (CO2) hydrates emerging as a promising option due to their high storage capacity and cost-effectiveness. This paper provides an overview of the characteristics and formation mechanisms of CO2 hydrates, along with an exploration of mechanical and chemical methods to enhance CO2 hydrate formation. Thermodynamic additives are beneficial for reducing the formation pressure of CO2 hydrate, while mechanical methods and kinetic promoters play a positive role in improving kinetic parameters, especially when both are combined. To investigate the effectiveness of kinetic and thermodynamic promoters, this study explores the impact of various promoters on induction time, formation rate, phase equilibrium, and gas consumption. Additionally, the existing challenges of CO2 hydrate are discussed, and the future research directions are proposed. Based on this study, the hydrate method of CO2 capture technology is expected to assume a crucial role in marine carbon capture technology.