孤儿院旅游和孤儿院志愿服务:对儿童的影响

Kathryn E. van Doore, Rebecca Nhep
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引用次数: 0

摘要

孤儿院旅游是指作为假期或旅游体验的一部分,到孤儿院参观或做志愿者。孤儿院旅游是一种消费品,它代表了孤儿院经营者获得国际资金的愿望与游客和志愿者回馈欠发达国家的愿望的交汇点。尽管孤儿院旅游受到游客和志愿者的欢迎,但由于其对儿童权利和发展的影响,以及在推动不必要的儿童机构化、儿童贩运和寄宿照料环境中的剥削方面所起的作用,孤儿院旅游受到越来越多的关注和批评。本文概述了过去十年研究中关于孤儿院旅游和志愿服务的不同观点。文章探讨了孤儿院旅游发生的背景,并概述了这种旅游形式的驱动因素。此外,文章还讨论了孤儿院旅游对儿童的影响,包括对儿童代理、儿童权利、儿童发展、儿童保护以及贩卖和剥削儿童的影响。我们的结论是,孤儿院旅游给儿童带来的好处有限,但儿童保护问题以及对儿童机构、儿童权利和儿童发展的负面影响却远远超过了这些好处。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Orphanage tourism and orphanage volunteering: implications for children
Orphanage tourism refers to visits or volunteering in orphanages as part of a holiday or tourist experience. Orphanage tourism is a consumer product which represents the intersection of the desire of orphanage operators to gain access to international funding and the desire of tourists and volunteers to give back to less developed countries. Despite its popularity amongst tourists and volunteers, orphanage tourism has come under increasing scrutiny and criticism for its impacts on child rights, development, and the role it plays in driving the unnecessary institutionalization of children, child trafficking and exploitation in residential care settings. This article outlines differing perspectives on orphanage tourism and volunteering from the last decade of research. It examines the contexts in which orphanage tourism occurs and outlines the drivers for this form of tourism. In addition, it discusses the implications of orphanage tourism for children including impacts on child agency, child rights, child development, child protection, and child trafficking and exploitation. We conclude that the limited benefits for children involved in orphanage tourism are outweighed by child protection concerns coupled with negative impacts on child agency, rights, and development.
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