应用 BLUP 动物模型法评估艾尔夏牛种群的繁殖价值

A. Petrova, E. Romanova, E. Vasileva
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摘要

本研究的目的是利用 BLUP 动物模型法评估来自俄罗斯联邦各地区 13 个育种场的艾尔夏牛种群的育种价值。分析的样本包括初产期在 1987 - 2021 年间的 14450 头奶牛的数据,分析了这些数据的识别错误以及父母和后代出生日期的差异。利用 RStudio 程序,采用最佳线性无偏预测方法 BLUP 动物模型,根据奶牛的产奶量性状对奶牛 1 个泌乳期的育种价值进行了预测。在研究期间,对不同数量的初产奶牛的产奶量 EBV 值的动态进行了研究。EBV 估计值的变化不仅取决于初产奶牛的绝对产奶量水平,而且还受到繁殖、被评估牛群数量以及管理等因素的影响,这些因素导致牛群之间存在差异。使用 BLUP AM 法评估育种价值,可以对所研究的俄罗斯联邦农场艾尔夏品种育种牲畜进行可靠评估。考虑到各种因素的影响,确定了产奶量最好和最差的生产者。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Application of the BLUP Animal Model method in assessing the breeding value of the breeding stock of Ayrshire cattle
The aim of the study is to assess the breeding value of the breeding stock of Ayrshire cattle from 13 breeding farms in various regions of the Russian Federation using the BLUP Animal Model method.Materials and methods. The analyzed sample included data on 14,450 cows with a first calving date of 1987 – 2021, which were analyzed for identification errors and discrepancies in the dates of birth of parents and offspring. The forecast of the breeding value of cows based on milk productivity traits for 1 lactation was made using the best linear unbiased forecast method BLUP Animal Model using the RStudio program.Results. The dynamics of milk yield EBV values during the studied time period with different numbers of first calving cows was studied. EBV estimates varied not only depending on the level of absolute milk yield of first-calving cows, but also under the influence of factors such as reproduction, the number of herds being assessed, as well as management, by which herds differed.Conclusion. The assessment of breeding value using the BLUP AM method made it possible to reliably evaluate the studied array of animals of the Ayrshire breed breeding stock on farms in the Russian Federation. The best and worst producers in terms of milk yield were identified, taking into account the effects of various factors.
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