设计鼓励移民在乌克兰正式就业的机制

1 Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI:10.26565/1684-8489-2023-1-02
Dmytro Kostennikov
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摘要

本文就激励移民在乌克兰正式就业以支持战后重建工作的问题提出了新颖的观点。建议的解决方案是从东道国社区内部的激励和组织角度出发的。战后的乌克兰显然需要非标准的监管措施,因为所有邻国都在实施类似的战略。本文旨在证实鼓励移民在乌克兰正式就业的组织整合和激励机制是实施国家移民政策的一个紧迫且具有战略意义的工具。本文得出的结论是,在加强欧洲一体化努力的背景下,我们还必须关注立法以外的领域。这包括教育、就业机会、外国公司在乌克兰的建立和运营,以及通过改善语言障 碍、承认外国学历、提高技能、改善社会保障和保障等机制吸引外国工人。具体而言,我们应加强(a) 制定有吸引力的投资计划和财政激励措施,吸引乌克兰外籍人士和高技能移民参与乌克兰的战后恢复和发展项目;(b) 为希望为基础设施、教育、医疗保健和创新等关键领域的发展做出贡献的移民创造专门的法律和税收条件;(d) 与乌克兰和国际公司建立伙伴关系,创造就业机会,支持移民适应乌克兰的就业市场和生活方式;(e) 为希望加入乌克兰社会的移民家庭制定计划,包括为儿童提供教育和医疗服务以及其他支持,为重新定居创造有利环境。遗憾的是,由于持续战争状态造成的全国安全局势,在不久的将来讨论外国合格劳动力政策具有挑战性。因此,移民政策的首要重点是与国内资源合作,防止他们外流。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Designing mechanisms to encourage immigrants for official employment in Ukraine
This article offers an original perspective on the issue of incentivizing immigrants for official employment in Ukraine to support post-war reconstruction efforts. The proposed solution is viewed from the perspective of motivation and the organization within host communities. It’s evident that post-war Ukraine will require non-standard regulatory measures, as all neighboring countries are implementing similar strategies. This article aims to substantiate the organizational integration and motivational mechanisms for encouraging immigrants to engage in official employment in Ukraine as an urgent and strategically significant tool for implementing state immigration policy. The conclusion is drawn that in the context of intensified European integration efforts, we must also focus on areas beyond legislation. This includes education, employment opportunities, the establishment and operation of foreign companies in Ukraine, and attracting foreign workers through mechanisms such as language barrier improvement, recognition of foreign qualifications, skills enhancement, and improvements in social security and guarantees. Specifically, we should intensify: (a) development of attractive investment programs and financial incentives to attract Ukrainian expatriates and highly skilled immigrants to participate in Ukraine’s recovery and development projects after the war; (b) creation of specialized legal and tax conditions for immigrants wishing to contribute to the development of critical sectors such as infrastructure, education, healthcare, and innovation; (c) accreditation and recognition programs for foreign qualifications and experience to facilitate immigrant integration into Ukrainian professional unions and civil organizations; (d) partnerships with Ukrainian and international companies to create jobs and support immigrants in adapting to the Ukrainian job market and way of life; (e) development of programs for immigrant families wishing to join Ukrainian society, including educational and medical services for children and other support to create a favorable environment for resettles. Unfortunately, discussing the foreign-qualified labor force policy in the near future is challenging due to the security situation across our nation caused by the ongoing state of war. Therefore, migration policy’s primary focus is working with domestic resources to prevent their outflow.
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