对棉织物进行酶法退浆处理

A. Rafikov, Kamola Fayzullaeva, Tulkin E. Shonakhunov, D. Soyibova, Nataliya N. Yasinskaya
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摘要

在棉织物染色准备过程中,研究了软化生化处理条件以去除纤维表面上浆剂的可能性。α-淀粉酶的效率是通过改性溶液中被还原的糖量以及被处理织物样品的毛细管来评估的。所使用的酶在低浓度(0.02 克/升)和低温(32°C)下对淀粉具有活性。测定了酶浓度(0.02 至 6.0 克/升)、溶液 pH 值(4.5 至 8.5)、温度(32 至 60 摄氏度)对酶处理后溶液中糖含量和织物毛细度的影响。在中等和温和的处理条件下,原织物纤维表面的上浆几乎完全去除:α-淀粉酶浓度为 1.0÷5.0 g/l,pH=6.0÷7.0,温度为 50-55°C。根据反应速率的对数与倒数温度的关系,计算出退浆反应的活化能,结果为 E = 17.5 kJ/mol。低活化能表明,退浆过程是在适度加热的有利能量条件下进行的。通过扫描电子显微镜研究了处理过和未处理过的棉织物样品的表面形态。记录了用淀粉酶溶液处理后纤维表面粘合物质的去除、单个纤维的分离和织物表面的平滑。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Enzymatic Treatment of Cotton Fabric for Desizing
The possibility of softening the conditions of biochemical treatment to remove the sizing agent from the surface of the fibers in the preparation of cotton fabric for dyeing has been studied. The efficiency of the α-amylase enzyme was evaluated by the amount of sugars reduced in the modifying solution, as well as by the capillarity of the samples of the treated fabrics. The enzyme used is active towards starch starting from a low concentration (0.02 g/l) and low temperature (32°C). The effect of enzyme concentration from 0.02 to 6.0 g/l, solution pH from 4.5 to 8.5, temperature from 32 to 60°C on the amount of sugars in the solution after enzymatic treatment, and fabric capillarity was determined. Almost complete removal of sizing from the surface of fibers of the original fabric was achieved under moderate and mild processing conditions: α-amylase concentration 1.0÷5.0 g/l, pH=6.0÷7.0, temperature 50-55°C. Based on the dependence of the logarithm of the reaction rate on the reciprocal temperature, the activation energy of the desizing reaction was calculated, which turned out to be equal to E = 17.5 kJ/mol. The low activation energy shows that the desizing process is carried out under energetically favorable conditions with moderate heating. The surface morphology of treated and untreated samples of cotton fabric was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The removal of the adhesive substance from the surface of the fibers, the separation of individual fibers, and the smoothing of the fabric surface after treatment with an amylase solution were recorded.
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