Typification of Projects for Development of High-Speed Rail

The emerging demand for improving consumer parameters of rail passenger transport leads to the need to build a dedicated railway infrastructure for passenger trains with speeds exceeding in some sections 250 km/h. The high capital intensity of dedicated infrastructure development projects imposes significant restrictions on their scope and financial feasibility. The geographically determined location of urban agglomerations in European and Asian countries has led to formation of many approaches to the routing of lines for high-speed passenger transportation.The projects for development of dedicated high-speed railways being developed in various countries differ in their technical, technological, and operational characteristics. The use of different approaches has led to different efficiency of the passenger traffic, expressed in the demand of passengers for transportation.A structural analysis of existing high-speed transportation projects allowed revealing general patterns of their development. By the number of operational tasks arising with regard to movement of trains, the phases of traffic development were divided into linear, tree­like and network stages. Thus, when moving from the linear structure of a high-speed rail, an additional problem arises of trains passing from the main track to the secondary one. The transition to the network stage can result in emergence of parallel passages rail tracks between urban agglomerations.To generalise the experience of operating high-speed systems in the world, the article describes the developed method that allows comparing different projects for organising high-speed rail with each other. The comparison is made according to the main characteristics of traffic: travel time between separation points, the traffic speed, the total length of the railway line. Identification of the patterns inherent in various projects for development of high-speed rail will make it possible to compare their technological parameters, to identify the scope of rational use of high-speed lines and areas of competition with other core types of transport.