媒介独立性与计算机械论的失败

Corey J. Maley
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引用次数: 0

摘要

当前的正统观点认为表征对于计算至关重要。然而,鉴于成功地将表征理论化所涉及的困难,不诉诸表征的计算哲学论述将是有用的。皮奇尼尼(Piccinini)最近提出的关于计算的机械论解释正是这样做的:它从某些机制所做的事情的角度来阐述计算,而完全不需要对表征进行操作或处理(皮奇尼尼,2015 年)。最关键的是,机制必须处理与媒介无关的载体。有两种方法可以理解 "媒介独立 "在这一解释中的含义;然而,无论哪种理解,这一解释都是失败的。要么是太多事物最终被算作计算,要么是所谓的自然计算(如神经计算)根本无法被算作计算。归根结底,对这种失败的说明揭示了一些修正正统观念的方法,希望能对计算做出更好的解释。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Medium Independence and the Failure of the Mechanistic Account of Computation
Current orthodoxy takes representation to be essential to computation. However, a philosophical account of computation that does not appeal to representation would be useful, given the difficulties involved in successfully theorizing representation. Piccinini's recent mechanistic account of computation proposes to do just that: it couches computation in terms of what certain mechanisms do without requiring the manipulation or processing of representations whatsoever (Piccinini 2015). Most crucially, mechanisms must process medium-independent vehicles. There are two ways to understand what "medium-independence" means on this account; however, on either understanding, the account fails. Either too many things end up being counted as computational, or purportedly natural computations (e.g., neural computations) cannot be counted at all. In the end, illustrating this failure sheds some light on the way to revise the orthodoxy in the hope of a better account of computation.
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