理想气体在向真空膨胀时确实起作用

Chemical Science International Journal Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI:10.9734/csji/2023/v32i6870

Igor A. Stepanov

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摘要

基本热力学能够处理实际（非平衡）过程和相应的平衡过程。每个化学工程师都熟悉这样一对过程的例子，即气体的（焦耳）自由膨胀和相应的平衡膨胀 [1]。以前，我们认为理想气体在向真空膨胀时不做功。事实证明，这种气体是做功的。实验证实了这一结果。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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An Ideal Gas Indeed Does Work in Expansion into Vacuum

Basic thermodynamics is able to treat an actual (non-equilibrium) process as well as the corresponding equilibrium process. An example of such a pair of processes is familiar to every chemical engineer; namely, (Joule) free expansion of a gas and the corresponding equilibrium expansion [1]. Formerly, we thought that an ideal gas does no work in expansion into vacuum. It is shown that such a gas does work. This result is confirmed by experiments.

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Chemical Science International Journal

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