政治理论与需求政治

IF 1.3 Q2 POLITICAL SCIENCE
George Boss
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引用次数: 0

摘要

需求理论存在政治问题。尽管当代理论家在很大程度上认识到,政治在围绕我们需求的许多过程中扮演着重要角色,但他们仍然坚持认为,我们最重要的需求可以在政治之外确定。本文对这一观点提出了挑战。本文通过对当代有关需求的主要方法进行分类和批判,对这一框架提出质疑。考虑到伦-多亚尔(Len Doyal)和伊恩-高夫(Ian Gough)、玛莎-努斯鲍姆(Martha Nussbaum)和劳伦斯-汉密尔顿(Lawrence Hamilton)的著作,我将这些方法分为三类:试图避免、解决和改进需求政治的理论。尽管存在一些重大差异,但这些方法对辨别哪些需求是重要的这一根本挑战有着共同的理解。我认为,这种框架是造成某些难以解决的困难的原因,这些困难使得需求理论家们无法为他们所提出的理论困境提供他们所要求的解决方案。此外,在试图找到这些解决方案时,这些理论最终忽略了其党派意义。我得出的结论是,关于需求的政治理论根本不是很 "政治",而这正是问题的根源。因此,我提出了另一种政治现实主义的框架,将需求概念化为政治性的需求。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Political theory and the politics of need
The theory of needs has a political problem. Whilst contemporary theorists largely recognise that politics plays an important part in many of the processes surrounding our needs, they nevertheless hang onto the notion that our most important needs can be determined outside of the political. This article challenges that framing. It does so through a taxonomy and critique of the major contemporary approaches to needs. Considering the works of Len Doyal and Ian Gough, Martha Nussbaum, and Lawrence Hamilton, I divide these into three strands: theories that attempt to avoid, solve, and improve the politics of need. Despite some major differences, these approaches share an understanding of the underlying challenges involved in discerning which needs matter. That framing, I argue, is responsible for certain intractable difficulties that leave needs theorists unable to provide the solutions they demand to the theoretical dilemma they posit. Moreover, in attempting to find those solutions, these theories end up ignoring their partisan implications. The conclusion I reach is that the political theory of needs is not very ‘political’ at all, and that this represents the root of the problem. I thus suggest an alternative, politically realist framing that conceptualises needs as constitutively political.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
9.10%
发文量
26
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Political Theory provides a high profile research forum. Broad in scope and international in readership, the Journal is named after its geographical location, but is committed to advancing original debates in political theory in the widest possible sense--geographical, historical, and ideological. The Journal publishes contributions in analytic political philosophy, political theory, comparative political thought, and the history of ideas of any tradition. Work that challenges orthodoxies and disrupts entrenched debates is particularly encouraged. All research articles are subject to triple-blind peer-review by internationally renowned scholars in order to ensure the highest standards of quality and impartiality.
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