UNDERSTANDING OF AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (ARMD) - AN AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE

Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is a common eye condition characterized by progressive damage to the macula, leading to central vision loss. The prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD/AMD) ranges from 8% to 30% in individuals aged 65 and older, with higher rates among older age groups. ARMD can be categorized into dry (atrophic) and wet (neovascular) forms. Diagnosis is based on clinical examination, imaging tests, and visual function assessments. Current treatment options include anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (antiVEGF) therapy, photodynamic therapy, and nutritional supplementation. In Ayurveda, ARMD is understood as a manifestation of vitiation in the Pitta and Vata doshas, leading to impairment of the Rakta dhatu (~blood tissue) and the nourishing aspect of Rasa dhatu (~nutrient plasma). The vitiated doshas and impaired dhatus lead to the formation of Ama (~toxins) and the accumulation of lipid and protein in the macular region. Ayurvedic treatment aims to balance Doshas, improve Agni (~digestive power), eliminate Ama, and strengthen Ojas. These approaches aim to slow down the progression of the disease, protect vision, and improve overall eye health. Further research and clinical studies are needed to explore the effectiveness of Ayurvedic interventions in managing ARMD.