Model test and numerical analysis of height restriction frame to over-height vehicle impact

This study develops a simplified model incorporating an over-height vehicle and the height restriction frame (HRF) to explore the failure modes and mechanical properties of the HRF when subjected to an impact from the over-height vehicle. Within the study context, rigorous model tests have been constructed for simulation analysis. The validity of these numerical simulations is confirmed by comparing the test results to the calculated outcomes. The study also analyzes the dynamic response of vehicles varying in speed and weight when impacting the HRF. The findings reveal that most of the beam's displacement can be attributed to the column's overturning, while a lesser portion is due to the plastic deformation of the beam. The column's displacement is primarily caused by its own overturning. Both the beam and the column's base demonstrate evidence of elastoplastic deformation. It is observed that the displacement and stress of crucial nodes rise with the increase in vehicle speed and weight. Vehicle speed emerges as the predominant factor influencing the impact force of the vehicle when compared to the vehicle's weight. Furthermore, the increase in vehicle weight extends the collision time between the vehicle and the HRF, indicating that the weight of the vehicle plays a significant role in the column's overturning. The study findings can potentially serve as both an experimental and theoretical reference for the design and calculation of the HRF.