The Consumer Protection Act, 2019: A critical analysis from a medical practitioner’s perspective

The landmark judgment in the case of Indian Medical Association v VP Shantha in 1995 brought the medical profession under the ambit of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986. The Consumer Protection Act, 1986, was later repealed and replaced by the Consumer Protection Act, 2019. This article delves into the implications of the 2019 Act, highlighting significant changes in its scope, including the expansion of the definition of "consumer" and the incorporation of telemarketing and e-commerce within its ambit. Moreover, the amendments affect pecuniary jurisdiction, grounds for litigation, and introduce mediation cells, and the Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA). This article underscores concerns related to an increase in frivolous cases against medical practitioners and in defensive practice, ultimately impacting the overall quality of patient care. Recommendations for timely redressal and safeguards against unwarranted litigation are proposed to mitigate the adverse implications of the amended Act and ensure the well-being of both healthcare providers and patients.