探索优秀运动员的成长实践环境经历

Steve M Smith, James R Bedwell
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在刻意练习活动中,感知经验对运动员发展的影响和相互作用尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨成绩优异的运动员在刻意练习过程中的发展体验。参与者为 15 名就读于英国全日制高等教育机构的天才运动员奖学金计划双职业运动员(8 名女性,7 名男性,年龄在 17 至 18 岁之间)。通过半结构式访谈收集经验数据,并进行主题分析。形成了十个总体主题:令人愉悦的低压练习环境、与他人的模拟竞争、成功的练习表现、具有挑战性的环境、支持性的关系和庇护所、接触更高水平的运动员和不同的练习环境、练习组内的能力状况、高强度的氛围、练习常规的中断以及练习表现的失败。研究结果表明,练习经历中包含大量不常见的积极经历和持续的低水平消极经历。为了避免螺旋式上升的消极情绪,参与者接受了失败,并利用成功的表现来增强自信心。从事运动员发展工作的实践者可以回顾研究结果,以改善他们的刻意练习环境。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Exploring the Developmental Practice Environment Experiences of High Performing Athletes
The influence and interaction of perceived experience on athlete development during deliberate practice activities is unknown. The current study aimed to explore the developmental experiences of high performing athletes during deliberate practice. Participants were 15 Talented Athlete Scholarship Scheme Dual Career athletes (8 females, 7 males, aged between 17 to 18 years) enrolled in full-time UK tertiary education. Experiential data was collected through semi-structured interviews and thematically analyzed. Ten overarching themes were developed: Enjoyable Low-Pressure Practice Environment, Simulated Competition Against Others, Practice Performance Success, Challenging Environment, Supportive Relationships and Sanctuaries, Exposure to Higher Level Athletes and Different Practice Environments, Ability Status within the Practice Group, High Intensity Climate, Disruption to Practice Routine, and Practice Performance Failure. Findings revealed practice experiences to contain significant infrequent positive and consistent low-level negative experiences. To avoid spiraling negativity, participants accepted failure and used successful performance to enhance self-belief. Practitioners working within athlete development can review study findings to enhance their deliberate practice environment.
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