Toxic complications of high doses of treîsulfan in children: experience of the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a treatment method for a number of severe malignant and non-tumor diseases. Autologous (auto) and allogeneic (allo) HSCT improves outcomes in patients with solid and hematological malignancies. The toxicity of conditioning regimens before HSCT is often a limiting factor for successful transplant outcomes. The most common manifestations of visceral and tissue toxicity are epithelial (dermatological and mucosal) toxicity, hepatotoxicity, and neurotoxicity. Reducing the incidence of toxic complications of preparative regimens preceding HSCT is the optimization of accompanying therapy, and and individualized selection of doses of chemotherapy. In our study, among 119 HSCT cases performed in 2021–2022, treosulfan-containing preparative regimens were used. Dermatological toxicity was diagnosed in 80.0 %, mucositis – in 100 %, hepatotoxicity – in 18.5 % of observations, no neurological toxicity was recorded.