Benefits of administering GLP-1 analogs to patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, considering their effect on adipose tissue metabolism

Abstract Mammals have 2 primary types of adipose tissue: brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT). White adipose tissue, one of the largest organs, spans the entire body and persists throughout an individual’s life, with the highest concentrations found in the abdominal cavity or subcutaneously. In obese individuals, the amount of WAT can reach up to 70% of total body weight. Today, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs have gained popularity in the treatment of obesity, insulin resistance, and related metabolic disorders. Patients using glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have improved lipid profiles, reduced visceral fat accumulation, and improved glucose tolerance. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a disorder strongly associated with insulin resistance and obesity. It is the most common heterogeneous endocrine disorder, affecting an estimated 1 in 5 women of reproductive age. The introduction of GLP-1 analog treatment in women with PCOS could help to manage the disease, improve the quality of life of PCOS patients, increase their chances of conception, and maintain pregnancy until delivery. This review presents the latest reports on the use of GLP-1RAs and the treatment of PCOS.