反刍动物放牧和甲烷生产

Juan Vergara-López
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引用次数: 0

摘要

气候变化限制了地球大气层的辐射释放,这是二氧化碳、甲烷、氨等温室气体积累的产物。反刍动物在饲喂低质饲料时会向大气中排放甲烷,不同的自然保护组织认为反刍动物是主要污染物。委内瑞拉在 2004 年签署《京都议定书》时,承诺建立温室气体测量系统,并就此开展科学研究。中低质量的牧草和饲草细胞壁含量高、降解性低,会产生正平衡的肠源性甲烷,如果改进这些饲养方式,提高基本日粮的消化率,就能减少甲烷的产生。据计算,苏利亚州这些生产系统产生的甲烷为 2.09 亿克,占全国总产量的 7.1%;然而,由于缺乏这方面的研究,也没有对当地畜群进行系统清查,因此无法获得这方面的准确数据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ruminant grazing feeding and methane production
Climate change limits the release of radiation from the earth's atmosphere, a product of the accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHG) such as CO2, methane, ammonia, among others. Ruminants contribute methane to the atmosphere when fed with low quality forage diets, which in the light of different conservationist organizations, qualifies them as major pollutants. When Venezuela signed the Kyoto Protocol in 2004, it undertook to establish a GHG measurement system, as well as scientific research on the subject; however, there are still no research groups in the country dedicated to the permanent measurement of GHG contributions from these production systems. Grazing pastures and forages of medium to low quality, with high contents of cell wall of low degradability, produce a positive balance towards the generation of methane of enteric origin, which could be mitigated if these feeding schemes are improved, tending to improve the digestibility of basic diets. Methane production by these production systems in the state of Zulia is calculated at 209 Gg, 7.1 % of the total inventoried at the national level; however, the lack of research in this area, as well as of systematic inventories of local herds, prevents obtaining accurate data in this regard.
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