Application of complex-valued convolutional neural networks for equalization and detection of SEFDM systems

Background. The disadvantage of spectrally efficient signals with frequency multiplexing is the occurrence of intersymbol interference, which is further aggravated when these signals propagate in frequency selective channels. Aim. The possibility and effectiveness of using neural network approaches for channel equalization and signal detection in communication systems using SEFDM signals has been assessed. Methods. A receiver structure for SEFDM systems based on a deep complex-valued convolutional neural network is proposed, which allows recovering bits from the temporal representation of the signal without using the fractional Fourier transform and inverting the cross-correlation matrix between frequency subcarriers. A two-stage network training scheme has been developed. Based on simulation modeling, a comparative analysis of the noise immunity of SEFDM systems was carried out both in a channel with white Gaussian noise and in a channel with Rayleigh fading, using classical and neural network receivers. Results. It is shown that there is no loss of noise immunity in channels with additive white Gaussian noise and an increase in noise immunity of the system up to 2 dB in the channel specified by the extended automotive model (3GPP-EVA). Conclusion. The effectiveness of using deep neural complex-valued convolutional networks as receivers for spectrally efficient communication systems, as well as their advantage over classical ones, is shown.