在国家和地方层面支持乌克兰有机生产发展的组织和法律基础

Uliana Radionova, Dmytro Luts
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摘要

本文专门分析了乌克兰农业部门发展的最重要领域之一--有机农业生产。对支持和鼓励国内生产者的机制进行了研究。其中一个重要方面是有机农业的立法规定、根据其他国家的经验提出的问题和前景,以及在国家层面实施的可能性。乌克兰与欧盟于 2014 年 6 月 27 日签署了第 984_011 号《联盟协议》,该协议规定了双方在包括农业和农村地区发展在内的各领域的合作。毋庸置疑,缺乏适当的国家支持以及农业生产者在转向生产生态清洁产品时缺乏足够的激励成为该行业发展的障碍,因此出现了需要吸引国际捐助者、巩固国家和地区计划的问题。总体而言,乌克兰的农业政策具有潜力,并正在逐步采取措施普及和鼓励生产者转向有机产品生产。文章提供了有关乌克兰支持有机生产的国家和地区政策现状的数据,分析了刺激有机生产发展的措施及其监管条例。文章得出结论,到目前为止,还不可能有系统地以国家预算为代价提供适当水平的国家支持。因此,在有机生产保护问题上,应在已通过的地区计划和吸引赠款资金的范围内,将国家和地方预算资源结合起来。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Organizational and legal basis of supporting the development of organic production in Ukraine at the state and local levels
This article is devoted to the analysis of one of the most relevant areas of development of the agricultural sector in Ukraine – organic agricultural production. The mechanism of support and encouragement of the domestic producer has been studied. An important aspect is the legislative regulation of organic farming, its problems and prospects based on the experience of other states, as well as the possibility of implementation at the state level. The impetus for changing the vector of the state producer in favor of organic production was the Agreement on Association between Ukraine and the European Union dated June 27, 2014 No. 984_011, which provides for cooperation between the Parties in various areas, including the field of agriculture and the development of rural areas. It is indisputable that the lack of proper state support and the lack of sufficient stimulation of the agricultural producer when switching to the production of ecologically clean products becomes an obstacle for the development of this industry, so the question arises about the need to attract international donors, consolidation of state and regional programs. In general, the agrarian policy of Ukraine has potential and is taking gradual steps to popularize and encourage producers to switch to organic product production. The article provides data on the current state of state and regional policy to support organic production in Ukraine, analyzes measures to stimulate the development of organic production, and their regulatory regulation. It was concluded that, as of now, there is no possibility to systematically provide the appropriate level of state support at the expense of the state budget. Therefore, in matters of protectionism of organic production, the resources of the state and local budgets should be combined within the limits of the adopted regional programs and the attraction of grant funds.
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