全面分析利用地球物理勘测方法监测坑台稳定性所取得的成果

V. Rybin, A. Dyakov, Yu.A. Startsev, D.V. Zaporozhets, K.N. Konstantinov, A. Kalashnik
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引用次数: 0

摘要

露天开采矿床安全挑战的应对措施基于对坑壁整体稳定性以及坑壁问题区域和单个台阶稳定性的持续监测。利用局部地球物理方法对邻近岩体的地质力学状态进行控制,在对露天矿坑整体稳定性的监测中发挥着重要作用。通过这种控制,可以更详细地研究露天采场关键区域的岩床和岩床群的状态,并在此基础上制定确保生产安全的措施。影响坑壁稳定性的主要相互依存因素之一是扰动区的大小,这取决于自然和采矿引起的岩石断裂;另一方面是地下水位随季节的变化而变化。综合考虑上述因素的重要性,提出了一种综合方法来研究深露天采场岩壁的水饱和度和岩石结构扰动。该方法包括利用地震剖面和 GPR 探测进行周期性、季节性同步地球物理研究,从而确定邻近岩体的高水饱和度和扰动区域。这种方法可以估算出主要时变影响因素(水饱和度、自然扰动和采矿引起的扰动、岩体物理性质异常)对边坡稳定性的影响,并为制定工程措施以提高深露天开采的安全性提供科学和技术依据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A comprehensive analysis of results obtained in monitoring pit bench stability using geophysical survey methods
The Response to challenges related to safety in open-pit mining of mineral deposits is based on continuous monitoring of the pit wall stability as a whole as well as the stability of problematic areas of the pit wall and individual benches. Control of the geomechanical state of the adjacent rock mass using local geophysical methods plays an important role in the overall monitoring of stability of the open-pit elements. The control allows studying in more detail the state of benches and groups of benches in critical areas of the open-pit and developing measures to ensure production safety on this basis. One of the main interdependent factors affecting the pit wall stability is, on the one hand, the size of the disturbed zone that depends on both natural and mining-induced rock fracturing; on the other hand, the level of ground water changing over time depending on the season. The importance of joint account of the factors above has stipulated to propose a comprehensive methodical approach to study water saturation and structural disturbance of rocks in the wall of a deep open-pit. The method consists in periodic, seasonally synchronized, geophysical studies using seismic profiling and GPR sounding and allows identifying the areas of high water saturation and disturbance in the adjacent rock mass. The methodological approach makes it possible to estimate the effect of the main time-varying impact factors (water saturation, natural and mining-induced disturbance, anomalies of physical properties of the rock mass) on the slope stability and provides a scientific and technical basis for developing engineering measures to improve the safety of deep open-pit mining.
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