BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF FULL-TERM NEWBORNS WITH DIFFERENT PROTEIN SUPPLY ON THE BACKGROUND OF THE TREATMENT OF CRITICAL DISEASES OF THE PERINATAL PERIOD

Study of the effect of increased protein and L-carnitine supplementation in term neonates with critical illnesses on the biochemical profile and improvement of intensive care outcomes. Objective: assessment of the impact of increased L-carnitine and protein supplementation on the physical development and biochemical profile of newborns who were in a critical condition. Materials and methods. The life indicators of 59 full-term children, who were randomly divided into two groups, were studied. The first group (n = 30) received standard nutrition with mother's milk or formula, the second group (n = 29) received protein-fortified food and L-carnitine supplementation during the hospital stay. The results. Babies of both groups had statistically equivalent characteristics at the beginning of the study. Against the background of higher consumption of proteins, the number of non-protein calories per 1 g of protein in the study group was 28.68 kcal/kg/day (27.50; 29.80), against the indicator of the standard diet group of 42.37 kcal/kg/day (41 .60; 38.00), with U = 28.0000; p = 0.000001. Carnitine supplementation in the GZ group led to an increase in the level of free carnitine in the last blood plasma samples of newborns. In general, the proposed nutrition strategy was accompanied by better indicators of physical development of children. Children who consumed more protein were transferred from the intensive care unit earlier – 10.00 (8.00; 12.00) days, against 12.00 (11.00; 16.00) days, with U = 235.00; p = 0.0024; previously discharged from the hospital -21.00 (19.00; 27.00) days, against 26.50 (22.00; 31.00) days at U = 267.00, p = 0.0109. This strategy proved to be safe, as confirmed by normal levels of phenylalanine and blood biochemical indicators at all stages of the examination of children, including urea nitrogen and creatinine. Conclusions. Short-term increased consumption of protein against the background of carnitine supplementation improves the results of the physical development of newborns, does not lead to deviations in the biochemical profile, and is safe.