通过实验设计研究水-柴油乳化液和 Al2O3 纳米粒子对柴油发动机性能和排放的综合影响

Designs Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI:10.3390/designs8010003
A. Mostafa, M. Mourad, Ahmad Mustafa, I. Youssef
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摘要

本研究旨在评估纯柴油的水比例和纳米颗粒浓度对柴油发动机性能特征和废气排放的影响。实验测试分两个阶段进行。在第一阶段,在三种不同的发动机负荷下,发动机转速恒定在 3000 转/分钟时,分别以 2.5% 和 5%的比例在纯柴油中加水,考察了加水对发动机性能和排放特性的影响,并与纯柴油的影响进行了比较。实验设计采用了基于中央复合设计(CCD)的响应面方法(RSM)进行模拟。试验结果表明,与纯柴油相比,在纯柴油中加水会增加制动油耗,降低制动热效率。在尾气排放测试中,与纯柴油相比,含水 2.5% 的受测燃料中的碳氢化合物(HC)、一氧化碳(CO)和氮氧化物(NOx)在发动机加载过程中平均分别减少了 16.62%、21.56% 和 60.18%。在第二阶段,考虑到排放和性能之间的权衡,选择含水量为 2.5%的乳化燃料作为前一阶段的最佳乳化液,并与两种剂量水平(50 和 100 ppm)的纳米氧化铝颗粒混合。在相同的发动机条件下,与其他被评估的燃料相比,混合了 50 ppm 纳米氧化铝颗粒的乳化燃料性能最佳,排放最低。研究结果表明,将 50 ppm 的低浓度和少量 11 nm 的纳米氧化铝颗粒与水柴油乳化液结合使用,是一种既能提高柴油发动机性能又能降低排放的成功方法。此外,研究还发现数学模型可以准确预测发动机性能参数和污染特征。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Investigating the Combined Impact of Water–Diesel Emulsion and Al2O3 Nanoparticles on the of Performance and the Emissions from a Diesel Engine via the Design of Experiment
This study aims to assess the impact of the water ratio and nanoparticle concentration of neat diesel fuel on the performance characteristics of and exhaust gas emissions from diesel engines. The experimental tests were conducted in two stages. In the first stage, the effects of adding water to neat diesel fuel in ratios of 2.5% and 5% on engine performance and emissions characteristics were examined and compared to those of neat diesel at a constant engine speed of 3000 rpm under three different engine loads. A response surface methodology (RSM) based on a central composite design (CCD) was utilized to simulate the design of the experiment. According to the test results, adding water to neat diesel fuel increased the brake-specific fuel consumption and reduced the brake thermal efficiency compared to neat diesel fuel. In the examination of exhaust emissions, hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the tested fuel containing 2.5% of water were decreased in comparison to pure diesel fuel by 16.62%, 21.56%, and 60.18%, respectively, on average, through engine loading. In the second stage, due to the trade-off between emissions and performance, the emulsion fuel containing 2.5% of water is chosen as the best emulsion from the previous stage and mixed with aluminum oxide nanoparticles at two dose levels (50 and 100 ppm). With the same engine conditions, the emulsion fuel mixed with 50 ppm of aluminum oxide nanoparticles exhibited the best performance and the lowest emissions compared to the other evaluated fuels. The outcomes of the investigations showed that a low concentration of 50 ppm with a small amount of 11 nm of aluminum oxide nanoparticles combined with a water diesel emulsion is a successful method for improving diesel engine performance while lowering emissions. Additionally, it was found that the mathematical model could accurately predict engine performance parameters and pollution characteristics.
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