Weeds and ruderal plants as potential sources of inoculum for vegetable diseases in northern Sinaloa

Weeds and ruderal plants of the families Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae are addressed as potential sources of inoculum for the development of viral diseases such as Tomato apex necrosis virus (ToANV), zucchini (Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), Papaya ring spot virus (PRSV-W) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Reference is made to weeds and ruderal plants as potential sources of inoculum, including wild sunflower for powdery mildew (Golovinomyces spadiceus), wild tobacco for foliar blight (Alternaria spp.), black nightshade for leaf spot (Curvularia moehlemvekiae), Johnson grass for foliar blight (Alternaria sp.), and wild castor bean for foliar blight (Alternaria ricini) and wild melon for downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis). Future lines of multidisciplinary research focusing on the determination of pathogenicity in cultivated plants of viruses and fungi associated with wild plants and vice versa are proposed; the spatial-temporal distribution of wild plants that may serve as sources of inoculum, as well as the of potential insect vectors of viral diseases, should also be studied. The implementation of modern molecular techniques, such as High Throughput Sequencing, for the detection of phytopathogens is important. All this will contribute to the implementation of environmentally friendly strategies for disease control in agricultural crops in Sinaloa, for the benefit of the vegetable growers.