在线英语教学市场中的母语主义

Anna Jovic
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摘要

母语主义是一种语言意识形态,它认为英语语言和英语教学法的理想来自美国和英国文化。因此,它们的最佳代表就是来自这两种文化的英语母语使用者。这种意识形态在英语教学市场根深蒂固,大多数语言学校的所有者在招聘广告中只招聘以英语为母语的教师。他们更愿意聘用不合格的英语母语教师,而不是合格且经验丰富的非母语教师。非母语教师因其原籍国和母语而受到歧视,这意味着他们的就业机会更少,小时工资更低。这种基于母语歧视的做法对非母语教师的职业和个人都有影响。本研究提出了恢复教师自信心、提高教师资格和技能的可行方法,从而使非母语教师在未来不再被边缘化。本研究还介绍了对塞尔维亚非母语英语教师的个案研究结果、他们如何看待母语主义以及这些教师所经历的负面影响。研究结果表明,这种意识形态损害了塞尔维亚英语教师的职业生活和个人生活,表现为他们的职业信心不足和自尊心不强。非母语教师为了保住工作和经济保障,接受低薪职位和雇主的施舍,从而损害了他们作为合格教师应有的教学职位。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Native Speakerism in the Online ELT market
Native speakerism is a language ideology that assumes that the ideals of the English language and English teaching methodology come from American and British cultures. Therefore, their best representatives are native speakers of English from these two cultures. This ideology is deeply rooted in the English language teaching market, where most language school owners advertise vacancies only for native-speaker teachers. They prefer hiring unqualified native speakers of English to qualified and experienced nonnative teachers. Non-native teachers experience discrimination based on their country of origin and first language, which means they have fewer employment opportunities and work for lower hourly rates. Such discriminatory practices based on native speakerism affect non-native teachers both professionally and personally. This study suggests possible ways to restore teachers’ self-confidence and promote their qualifications and skills so that non-native teachers are not marginalized in the future. This study also presents the results of a case study of non-native English teachers from Serbia, how they perceive native speakerism, and the negative effects experienced by these teachers. The results reveal that this ideology harms the professional and private lives of English teachers from Serbia, which is reflected in their poor professional confidence and low self-esteem. Non-native teachers accept low-paid positions and patronizing treatment from employers to keep their jobs and financial security, thus compromising the teaching positions they deserve as qualified teachers.
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