提高城市固体废物焚化厂的技术安全水平

O. Krot, O. Krot, O. V. Pukhovoi, N. Kosenko, Yulia Levashova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

城市固体废物可以成为一种替代性可再生燃料。垃圾焚烧可以有效地处理垃圾,显著减少垃圾量,并利用碳废物部分的能源潜力。为了保护生物圈的组成部分和服务人员免受炉膛空间形成的有害物质的影响,首先有必要评估排放物的化学成分和数量。这项工作的目的是研究城市垃圾的燃烧过程,确定获得的热能,确定完全燃烧反应所需的空气量,以及确定燃烧后产生的烟气量。为实现研究目标,采用了系统分析和数据分析的综合方法。对现代国际文献资料进行了分析,对固体生活垃圾可燃部分的形态成分进行了分析,并对化学物质的相互作用进行了分析。为进行研究,收集了几种垃圾成分,并有条件地将其分为两大类--纸张和塑料。第一组包括木材、纸板和纸张。第二组(塑料)包括聚乙烯薄膜碎片、一次性餐具等形式的塑料垃圾。研究结果为进一步设计保护环境和服务人员免受固体生活垃圾热处置排放影响的系统提供了燃烧产物的理论体积。研究成果可用于城市垃圾焚烧设备的设计。利用垃圾焚烧后产生的烟气热量来干燥垃圾,然后再将其送入焚烧炉的系统对节省额外燃料非常重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
IMPROVED LEVEL OF TECHNOGENIC SAFETY IN PLANTS INTENDED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE INCINERATION
Solid municipal waste can be an alternative and renewable type of fuel. Waste incineration provides effective disposal, significant volume reduction and utilization of the energy potential of the carbon waste part. In order to protect the components of the biosphere and service personnel from harmful substances that are formed in the furnace space, it is first necessary to assess the chemical composition and volume of emissions. The purpose of the work is to study the process of burning municipal waste, determine the heat energy obtained, determine the amount of air required for the complete combustion reaction, and determine the volume of flue gases produced as a result of combustion. To achieve the goal of the research, a complex of methods of system analysis and the method of data analysis was applied. An analysis of modern international literary sources, an analysis of the morphological composition of the combustible part of solid household waste, and an analysis of the interaction of chemical substances was carried out. For the research, several components of waste were collected, which were conditionally divided into two main groups - paper and plastic. The first group includes waste, which includes wood, cardboard, and paper. The second group (plastic) includes waste, which includes plastic in the form of scraps of polyethylene film, disposable dishes. As a result of the research, a theoretical volume of combustion products was obtained for the further design of the system of protection of the environment and service personnel from emissions of thermal disposal of solid household waste. Research results can be used in the design of municipal waste incineration equipment. The system of using the heat of flue gases generated after burning waste to dry the waste before feeding it to the furnace is of great importance for saving additional fuel.
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