坦桑尼亚急诊室中的道路交通伤害和饮酒情况：病例交叉研究

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2023-12-31 DOI:10.7895/ijadr.431

Catherine Staton

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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要导言：酒精是导致道路交通伤害（RTI）的主要风险因素。非洲是酒精依赖率第二高的国家，也是道路交通死亡率最高的国家。我们描述了坦桑尼亚急诊科（ED）中血液酒精含量（BAC）呈阳性的道路交通伤害患者的比例，并确定了饮酒与伤害风险之间的剂量反应关系：对 2013 年至 2014 年坦桑尼亚急诊室的数据进行了分析。在受伤后 6 小时内到急诊室就诊的成人均接受了 BAC 检测，并被问及受伤前是否饮酒以及饮酒量。数据还包括受伤前 1 天和 1 周对照期间自我报告的饮酒情况。利用逻辑回归对受伤风险进行病例交叉分析，以确定配对的几率比（ORs）和 95% 的置信区间（CIs）：在 513 名受伤患者中，375 人（73%）患有 RTI。总体而言，29%的 RTI 患者 BAC 呈阳性。在报告在 RTI 之前饮酒的患者中，约 40% 的人报告饮酒超过 5 标准杯。在饮酒的情况下，摩托车和汽车/卡车司机发生 RTI 的几率都有所增加（分别为 4.90 OR (CI 2.5-9.5) 和 5.70 OR (CI 2.8-11.6)）。汽车/卡车司机发生 RTI 的几率与剂量有关，而摩托车驾驶员在饮酒 3-4 次后发生 RTI 的几率最高（5.60 OR，CI 2.22-14.10）：坦桑尼亚的 RTI 负担很高。任何酒精都会增加 RTI 风险。这些发现应指导酒后驾车立法。

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Road traffic injuries and alcohol use in the emergency department in Tanzania: a case-crossover study

Abstract Introduction: Alcohol is the leading risk factor for road traffic injury (RTI). Africa has the second-highest rate of alcohol dependence and the highest road traffic fatality rate. We describe the proportion of Tanzanian emergency department (ED) patients presenting with RTIs who are blood alcohol content (BAC) positive and determine the dose-response relationship between drinking and injury risk.Methods: Analysis of data from EDs in Tanzania from 2013 to 2014 was performed. Adults presenting to an ED within 6 hours of injury had BAC testing and were asked whether and how much alcohol was consumed prior to the injury. Data also included self-reported alcohol use during control periods 1 day and 1 week prior to the injury. Case-crossover analysis of injury risk used logistic regression to determine matched-pair odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: Of 513 injury patients, 375 (73%) suffered RTIs. Overall, 29% of RTI patients were BAC-positive. Approximately 40% of those who reported using alcohol prior to RTI reported drinking more than 5 standard drinks. With any alcohol, drivers of both motorcycles and cars/trucks had increased odds of RTI (4.90 OR (CI 2.5-9.5) and 5.70 OR (CI 2.8-11.6) respectively). While the odds of RTI in car/truck drivers demonstrated a dose-dependent response, that in motorcyclists was highest after 3-4 drinks (5.60 OR, CI 2.22-14.10).Discussion: The RTI burden in Tanzania is high. Any alcohol can increase RTI risk. These findings should guide drunk-driving legislation.

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.