学校财务改革对教师工资、聘用和离职的影响及地方实施情况

Min Sun, Christopher A. Candelaria, David S. Knight, Zachary LeClair, Sarah E. Kabourek, Katherine Chang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

了解政策引发的工资表变化如何影响教师招聘和留任,将极大地促进我们对资源如何影响 K-12 学生学习的理解。本研究通过估算 2018-2019 年华盛顿州由麦克利里法庭指令改革引发的立法资金变化如何影响教师工资和劳动力市场结果,揭示了这一问题。通过在混合方法设计中嵌入模拟工具变量方法,我们观察到地方集体谈判引导新的州资金分配大幅提高了持证教师的基本工资,尤其是对于拥有 16 年或更长时间教学经验的资深教师而言。学区和工会在政治权力、优先事项和利益方面的差异,导致了教师工资表的更大异质性。有证据表明,改革第一年的州平均教师流失率明显下降。麦克利里引发的加薪尤其降低了职业生涯中期教师(8-15 年教龄)的流动率和职业生涯晚期教师(23 年以上教龄)的离职率。在改革实施的前两年,麦克利里引发的基本工资增长对教师招聘的影响大多为零。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Effects and Local Implementation of School Finance Reforms on Teacher Salary, Hiring, and Turnover
Knowing how policy-induced salary schedule changes affect teacher recruitment and retention will significantly advance our understanding of how resources matter for K–12 student learning. This study sheds light on this issue by estimating how legislative funding changes in Washington state in 2018–2019—induced by the McCleary court-ordered reform—affected teacher salaries and labor market outcomes. By embedding a simulated instrumental variables approach in a mixed-methods design, we observed that local collective bargaining negotiations directed new state funding allocations to substantially increase certificated base salaries, particularly for senior teachers with 16 years or more of teaching experience. Variability in political power, priorities, and interests of both districts and unions led to greater heterogeneity in teacher salary schedules. Suggestive evidence shows that state average teacher turnover rate was significantly reduced in the first year of reform. The McCleary-induced salary increase particularly reduces mid-career teachers’ (8–15 years of teaching experience) mobility rate and late-career teachers’ (23+ years of teaching experience) leaving rate. The McCleary-induced base salary increase has mostly null effects on teacher hiring in the first 2 years of implementation.
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