{"title":"在 WGG 海洋湍流中,AUV 搭载的 RIS 辅助多跳 UWOC 与 RF MRC 系统融合的性能分析","authors":"Binna Zhou, Ping Wang, Tian Cao, Ganggang Li, Shuang Li, Pengfei Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2023.100722","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>To establish reliable connection between Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) devices and terrestrial data centers<span>, this work first proposes a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) aided multihop underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) convergent with radio frequency (RF) uplink system. Specifically, the RIS carried by an autonomous </span></span>underwater vehicle<span><span> (AUV) is introduced into UWOC link to relax the line-of-sight (LOS) requirement and the maximal-ratio combining (MRC) receiver is adopted at the terrestrial data center to mitigate the RF link fading. It is assumed that the underwater thermocline channel is subject to the newly proposed Weibull-generalized gamma (WGG) turbulence distribution and the RF link composite fading follows Fisher-Snedecor F distribution. Additionally, the optical link<span> misalignment is characterized by the zero-boresight pointing errors model. With the decode-and-forward (DF) relaying scheme, the analytical closed-form expressions of the outage probability (OP) and average bit error rate (ABER) of this system are mathematically achieved, and then the impacts of air bubbles, thermohaline gradient, the number of RIS elements, pointing errors, system structure, and the number of </span></span>receive antennas are further investigated. Meanwhile, the analytical results are verified by Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Results reveal that this hybrid system performance would degrade with the increased air bubble levels and thermohaline gradients. Notably, RIS can effectively alleviate the impact of underwater turbulence and this effect would be more pronounced as the number of RIS elements increases. This work will benefit the design and research of hybrid UWOC-RF system.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":54346,"journal":{"name":"Vehicular Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Performance analysis of AUV-carried RISs-aided multihop UWOC convergent with RF MRC systems over WGG oceanic turbulence\",\"authors\":\"Binna Zhou, Ping Wang, Tian Cao, Ganggang Li, Shuang Li, Pengfei Yang\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.vehcom.2023.100722\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p><span>To establish reliable connection between Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) devices and terrestrial data centers<span>, this work first proposes a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) aided multihop underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) convergent with radio frequency (RF) uplink system. Specifically, the RIS carried by an autonomous </span></span>underwater vehicle<span><span> (AUV) is introduced into UWOC link to relax the line-of-sight (LOS) requirement and the maximal-ratio combining (MRC) receiver is adopted at the terrestrial data center to mitigate the RF link fading. It is assumed that the underwater thermocline channel is subject to the newly proposed Weibull-generalized gamma (WGG) turbulence distribution and the RF link composite fading follows Fisher-Snedecor F distribution. Additionally, the optical link<span> misalignment is characterized by the zero-boresight pointing errors model. With the decode-and-forward (DF) relaying scheme, the analytical closed-form expressions of the outage probability (OP) and average bit error rate (ABER) of this system are mathematically achieved, and then the impacts of air bubbles, thermohaline gradient, the number of RIS elements, pointing errors, system structure, and the number of </span></span>receive antennas are further investigated. Meanwhile, the analytical results are verified by Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Results reveal that this hybrid system performance would degrade with the increased air bubble levels and thermohaline gradients. Notably, RIS can effectively alleviate the impact of underwater turbulence and this effect would be more pronounced as the number of RIS elements increases. This work will benefit the design and research of hybrid UWOC-RF system.</span></p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":54346,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Vehicular Communications\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-01-03\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Vehicular Communications\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"94\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214209623001523\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"计算机科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"TELECOMMUNICATIONS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Vehicular Communications","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214209623001523","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"TELECOMMUNICATIONS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Performance analysis of AUV-carried RISs-aided multihop UWOC convergent with RF MRC systems over WGG oceanic turbulence
To establish reliable connection between Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) devices and terrestrial data centers, this work first proposes a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) aided multihop underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) convergent with radio frequency (RF) uplink system. Specifically, the RIS carried by an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) is introduced into UWOC link to relax the line-of-sight (LOS) requirement and the maximal-ratio combining (MRC) receiver is adopted at the terrestrial data center to mitigate the RF link fading. It is assumed that the underwater thermocline channel is subject to the newly proposed Weibull-generalized gamma (WGG) turbulence distribution and the RF link composite fading follows Fisher-Snedecor F distribution. Additionally, the optical link misalignment is characterized by the zero-boresight pointing errors model. With the decode-and-forward (DF) relaying scheme, the analytical closed-form expressions of the outage probability (OP) and average bit error rate (ABER) of this system are mathematically achieved, and then the impacts of air bubbles, thermohaline gradient, the number of RIS elements, pointing errors, system structure, and the number of receive antennas are further investigated. Meanwhile, the analytical results are verified by Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Results reveal that this hybrid system performance would degrade with the increased air bubble levels and thermohaline gradients. Notably, RIS can effectively alleviate the impact of underwater turbulence and this effect would be more pronounced as the number of RIS elements increases. This work will benefit the design and research of hybrid UWOC-RF system.
期刊介绍:
Vehicular communications is a growing area of communications between vehicles and including roadside communication infrastructure. Advances in wireless communications are making possible sharing of information through real time communications between vehicles and infrastructure. This has led to applications to increase safety of vehicles and communication between passengers and the Internet. Standardization efforts on vehicular communication are also underway to make vehicular transportation safer, greener and easier.
The aim of the journal is to publish high quality peer–reviewed papers in the area of vehicular communications. The scope encompasses all types of communications involving vehicles, including vehicle–to–vehicle and vehicle–to–infrastructure. The scope includes (but not limited to) the following topics related to vehicular communications:
Vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure communications
Channel modelling, modulating and coding
Congestion Control and scalability issues
Protocol design, testing and verification
Routing in vehicular networks
Security issues and countermeasures
Deployment and field testing
Reducing energy consumption and enhancing safety of vehicles
Wireless in–car networks
Data collection and dissemination methods
Mobility and handover issues
Safety and driver assistance applications
UAV
Underwater communications
Autonomous cooperative driving
Social networks
Internet of vehicles
Standardization of protocols.