复制者及其寄生虫的共同进化

Alexander Spirov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

生命进化的复杂化问题被认为是当代进化论的基本问题之一。寄生现象无处不在,不可避免,并且在第一批复制者出现时就已出现,甚至在进化的前生物阶段也是如此。无论是在理论方法(计算机建模和分析)还是在实际实验(生物大分子的复制)中,寄生过程几乎都是立即出现的。避免宿主-寄生系统消亡的一个有效方法是分隔。无论是在理论上还是在实验中,寄生的压力都会导致宿主-寄生系统复杂化,成为一个由合作复制者及其寄生者组成的网络。寄生虫有能力为新的复制者创造壁龛。寄生虫和宿主之间防御系统和反防御机制之间的共同进化军备竞赛可以持续相当长的时间,涉及多个阶段,甚至是无限期的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Co-evolution of replicators and their parasites
The problem of evolutionary complexification of life is considered one of the fundamental aspects in contemporary evolutionary theory. Parasitism is ubiquitous, inevitable, and arises as soon as the first replicators appear, even during the prebiotic stages of evolution. Both in theoretical approaches (computer modeling and analysis) and in real experiments (replication of biological macromolecules), parasitic processes emerge almost immediately. An effective way to avoid the elimination of the host-parasite system is through compartmentalization. In both theory and experiments, the pressure of parasitism leads to the complexification of the host-parasite system into a network of cooperative replicators and their parasites. Parasites have the ability to create niches for new replicators. The co-evolutionary arms race between defense systems and counter-defense mechanisms among parasites and hosts can progress for a considerable duration, involving multiple stages, if not indefinitely.
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