From scrolls to screens: A novel perspective on simulation and decoding of the Kaseh-Sazi drawings of Mirza Akbar's architectural decorations' scroll

The vault's design has a direct influence on its architectural embellishments. Various ornamental styles, including Karbandi, Yazdibandi, Muqarnas, and Kaseh-Sazi, are commonly seen in Iranian architecture. However, Kaseh-Sazi, an independent ornamentation technique, has been largely overlooked in previous studies. Architectural records, such as the Mirza Akbar scroll, feature 2D depictions of different Kaseh-Sazi patterns. This research aims to create 3D models of these 2D patterns, reproducing the mathematical and geometric principles behind Kaseh-Sazi. The Mirza Akbar's scroll, renowned as a significant architectural document, unveils the geometric motifs of Kaseh-Sazi. The study reveals the Kaseh-Sazi structure incorporates intricate mathematical and geometric connections. Factors such as the architectural plan, client and manager perspectives, and the architect's expertise all influence the construction of Kaseh-Sazi; and sometimes, architects may simplify the intricate structural and geometric elements of Kaseh-Sazi to facilitate the construction process.