产后早期胃和结肠微生物群移植对仔猪肠道健康的影响

IF 6.3 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
Christina Larsen, Simone Margaard Offersen, Anders Brunse, Mattia Pirolo, Soumya Kanti Kar, Luca Guadabassi, Thomas Thymann
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:腹泻是哺乳期和断奶期仔猪生长和死亡率下降的主要原因,对全球养猪业构成重大威胁。腹泻和肠道菌群失调在一定程度上可以通过改善产后早期肠道微生物定植来预防。为了确保更好的产后肠道定植,我们假设将健康供体的结肠或胃内容物移植给新生受体可防止受体在断奶后出现腹泻。我们的目的是研究移植结肠或胃内容物对受体单舍仔猪健康和生长参数以及副临床参数的影响:72头1日龄仔猪随机分为四组:结肠微生物群移植组(CMT,n = 18)、结肠内容物滤液移植组(CcFT,n = 18)、胃微生物群移植组(GMT,n = 18)或生理盐水组(CON,n = 18)。接种在仔猪出生后第 2 天和第 3 天进行,所有仔猪在断奶前(第 20 天)和受到 ETEC 感染后不久(第 24 天)均以牛奶喂养。我们评估了生长情况、腹泻发生率、ETEC浓度、器官重量、血液参数、小肠形态学和组织学、肠道粘膜功能以及微生物群的组成和多样性:在牛奶和固体饲料喂养阶段,所有组别都出现了腹泻,这可能是与单一饲养有关的压力造成的。然而,与 CON 相比,CcFT 在第 27、28 和 29 天的腹泻发生率较低(均为 P):总之,只有 CcFT 能减少断奶后与 ETEC 相关的腹泻。不过,这种保护作用微乎其微,这表明未来的研究应探索更高的剂量、更有效的给药方式、更长的治疗时间和更好的供体质量,以优化移植的保护作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effects of early postnatal gastric and colonic microbiota transplantation on piglet gut health.

Background: Diarrhea is a major cause of reduced growth and mortality in piglets during the suckling and weaning periods and poses a major threat to the global pig industry. Diarrhea and gut dysbiosis may in part be prevented via improved early postnatal microbial colonization of the gut. To secure better postnatal gut colonization, we hypothesized that transplantation of colonic or gastric content from healthy donors to newborn recipients would prevent diarrhea in the recipients in the post-weaning period. Our objective was to examine the impact of transplanting colonic or gastric content on health and growth parameters and paraclinical parameters in recipient single-housed piglets exposed to a weaning transition and challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC).

Methods: Seventy-two 1-day-old piglets were randomized to four groups: colonic microbiota transplantation (CMT, n = 18), colonic content filtrate transplantation (CcFT, n = 18), gastric microbiota transplantation (GMT, n = 18), or saline (CON, n = 18). Inoculations were given on d 2 and 3 of life, and all piglets were milk-fed until weaning (d 20) and shortly after challenged with ETEC (d 24). We assessed growth, diarrhea prevalence, ETEC concentration, organ weight, blood parameters, small intestinal morphology and histology, gut mucosal function, and microbiota composition and diversity.

Results: Episodes of diarrhea were seen in all groups during both the milk- and the solid-feeding phase, possibly due to stress associated with single housing. However, CcFT showed lower diarrhea prevalence on d 27, 28, and 29 compared to CON (all P < 0.05). CcFT also showed a lower ETEC prevalence on d 27 (P < 0.05). CMT showed a higher alpha diversity and a difference in beta diversity compared to CON (P < 0.05). Growth and other paraclinical endpoints were similar across groups.

Conclusion: In conclusion, only CcFT reduced ETEC-related post-weaning diarrhea. However, the protective effect was marginal, suggesting that higher doses, more effective modalities of administration, longer treatment periods, and better donor quality should be explored by future research to optimize the protective effects of transplantation.

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CiteScore
10.30
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