妇女、生命、自由:阿德勒对伊朗妇女领导的反暴政革命的构想

Sara Saeedi, Mitra Heidarpanah, Faranak Ghorbani
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摘要

ABSTRACT: 阿德勒是最早反对弗洛伊德关于女性劣根性观点的女权主义者之一。他认为,是社会而非自然阻碍了女性对社会利益的亲和力,这种压迫可以通过社会正义运动来克服。他认为,妇女有能力和毅力为自己而战,反对基于性别的暴政。其中一种基本的暴政就是通过执行严格的着装规定来侵犯妇女的身体自主权,尤其是在伊朗等专制国家。在伊朗,"强制戴头巾的暴政 "被用来描述强加给妇女的强制性着装规范,其中包括遮住头发和穿着宽松的服装以掩盖身体。这种着装规定被称为 "头巾",自 1979 年伊斯兰革命以来一直在执行。2022 年 9 月,伊朗妇女马赫萨-阿米尼(Mahsa Amini)因被认为不当佩戴头巾而遭到谋杀,从而引发了全球范围内的 "妇女、生命、自由 "运动。这场运动呼吁伊朗维护妇女权利,转向世俗民主。受这一运动启发,在加拿大温哥华举办了阿德勒艺术治疗讲习班,以促进散居国外的伊朗人的复原能力和社会正义。这些讲习班成功地呼应了 "妇女、生命、自由 "运动,并鼓励结成联盟和宣传妇女。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Woman, Life, Freedom: The Adlerian Conceptualization of the Woman-Led Revolution Against Tyranny in Iran
ABSTRACT: Adler was among the first feminists who opposed Freud’s views on the inferiority of women. He argued that it was society, not nature, which had hindered women’s affinity for Social Interest and that this oppression could be overcome through movements for social justice. He believed that women held the capacity and resilience to fight for themselves against gender-based tyranny. One such fundamental tyranny is against women’s bodily autonomy through the enforcement of strict dress codes, especially in autocratic countries such as Iran. The tyranny of the compulsory hijab in Iran is used to describe the mandatory dress code imposed on women, which involves covering their hair and wearing loose-fitting garments that conceal their bodies. This dress code, referred to as hijab , has been enforced since the Islamic Revolution in 1979. In September 2022, the murder of the Iranian woman Mahsa Amini for her supposed improper observance of hijab ignited the worldwide Woman, Life, Freedom movement. This movement calls for the preservation of women’s rights and a shift to secular democracy in Iran. Adlerian art therapy workshops inspired by this movement were held in Vancouver, Canada, to promote resilience and social justice in the Iranian diaspora. These workshops successfully echoed the Woman, Life, Freedom movement and encouraged ally-ship and advocacy for women.
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