水产养殖营养中的几丁质酶和昆虫餐:最新成果综述

IF 2.1 3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES
Fishes Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI:10.3390/fishes8120607
Imam Hasan, Francesco Gai, Simona Cirrincione, S. Rimoldi, Giulio Saroglia, G. Terova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

水产养殖业正在寻找鱼饲料中传统鱼粉的可持续替代品,而以昆虫为基础的鱼粉被证明是一种很有前景的解决方案。这些饲料具有高蛋白含量和理想的氨基酸谱,营养价值极高。然而,这些饲料中含有昆虫外骨骼成分甲壳素,这既是机遇也是挑战。众所周知,甲壳素的衍生物甲壳素可改善鱼类的生理功能,包括生长、免疫和抗病能力。虽然甲壳素及其衍生物壳聚糖具有多种生理益处,但它们的存在会影响某些鱼类对饲料的消化率,这使得在水产饲料中添加昆虫饲料变得复杂。虽然研究表明会产生积极影响,但也存在一些问题,如某些鱼类的生长率降低,这就强调了进一步研究鱼类消化甲壳素的必要性。几丁质酶是一种能分解几丁质的酶,目前正在作为一种潜在的解决方案进行研究,以提高水产饲料中昆虫饲料的营养价值。这篇综述全面分析了在水产养殖中使用几丁质酶的应用、益处和挑战,强调了这种酶在提高饲料消化率、疾病控制和环境可持续性方面的作用。要充分了解几丁质酶在水产养殖中的潜力并优化其在这一动态领域的应用,还需要进行广泛的研究。总之,这篇综述深入介绍了昆虫饲料不断演变的情况以及几丁质酶在可持续水产养殖实践中的应用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Chitinase and Insect Meal in Aquaculture Nutrition: A Comprehensive Overview of the Latest Achievements
The aquaculture industry is looking for sustainable alternatives to conventional fish meals in fish feed, and insect-based meals are proving to be a promising solution. These meals are nutritionally optimal as they have a high protein content and an ideal amino acid profile. However, the presence of chitin, a component of the insect exoskeleton in these meals presents both an opportunity and a challenge. Chitosan, a derivative of chitin, is known to improve the physiological functions of fish, including growth, immunity, and disease resistance. While chitin and its derivative chitosan offer several physiological benefits, their presence can affect the digestibility of feed in some fish species, making the inclusion of insect-based meals in aquafeeds complex. While studies suggest positive effects, some problems, such as reduced growth rates in certain species, emphasize the need for further research on chitin digestion in fish. Chitinase, an enzyme that breaks down chitin, is being investigated as a potential solution to improve the nutritional value of insect meals in aquafeed. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the applications, benefits, and challenges of using chitinase in aquaculture, highlighting the enzyme’s role in improving feed digestibility, disease control, and environmental sustainability. Extensive research is required to fully understand the potential of chitinase enzymes in aquaculture and to optimize their applications in this dynamic field. Overall, this review provides insight into the evolving landscape of insect-based meals and the applications of chitinase enzymes within sustainable aquaculture practices.
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Fishes
Fishes Multiple-
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
8.70%
发文量
311
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