恩斯特-赫茨菲尔德是否在萨迈拉的卡利法尔宫殿中发现了法老之碗(Qaṣʿat Firʿawn)?

IF 0.2 2区 艺术学 0 ART
ARS Orientalis Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI:10.3998/ars.4981
Fatma Dahmani
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引用次数: 0

摘要

恩斯特-赫茨菲尔德(Ernst Herzfeld,1879-1948 年)关于发掘萨迈拉阿巴斯王朝城市的论文保存在国立亚洲艺术博物馆档案馆,其中有两张地图显示,在卡里帕尔王宫王座厅南面的方形圆顶室中央有一个巨大的圆形盆地。一张正射影像图提供了这个盆地的细节,而两张照片的标题则简洁地将其归属于该宫殿。这个盆子现在在巴格达的沙拉比耶学校(Madrasa al-Sharābiya),有时也被认定为法老之碗(Qaṣʿat Firʿawn),中世纪的资料称这个大盆子是穆塔瓦基尔大清真寺喷泉的一部分。奇怪的是,在发掘的书面记录和出版的报告中,却丝毫没有提到这个水盆。通过仔细研究赫茨菲尔德档案和出版物中的其他文件,以及伊拉克文物总局的一些报告,可以确定这个盆子一定是在赫茨菲尔德发掘工作结束几年后,在宫殿的一个不详地点被发现的。此外,对中世纪文字资料和与该盆地相关的其他数据的研究表明,后者并非 Qaṣʿat Firʿawn,而很可能是一个类似的盆地。该盆最初是罗马人的唇形盆,在阿拔斯王朝时期被重新利用,成为低矮喷泉的一部分,其独特的水循环系统与伊斯兰西班牙的喷泉有一些相似之处。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Did Ernst Herzfeld Find the Qaṣʿat Firʿawn (Pharaoh’s Bowl) in the Caliphal Palace at Samarra?
Ernst Herzfeld’s (1879–1948) papers on his excavation of the Abbasid city of Samarra, held at the National Museum of Asian Art Archives, include two maps indicating the existence of a large circular basin at the center of the square domed chamber south of the Caliphal Palace’s throne room. The details of this basin are provided in an orthographic drawing, and the captions of two photographs tersely attribute it to the palace. Now in the Madrasa al-Sharābiya in Baghdad, this basin has sometimes been identified as Qaṣʿat Firʿawn (Pharaoh’s Bowl), a large basin cited in medieval sources as having been part of the fountain of the Great Mosque of al-Mutawakkil. Strangely enough, not the slightest mention of this basin has been found in the written records of the excavations or in the published reports. A careful examination of other documents in Herzfeld’s archives and publications, as well as a number of reports of the Iraqi Directorate General of Antiquities, has established that the basin must have been discovered under unknown circumstances at an unspecified location in the palace several years after Herzfeld’s excavation. Furthermore, the study of medieval textual sources and other data related to the basin has shown that the latter is not Qaṣʿat Firʿawn but might well have been a similar basin. Originally a Roman labrum, the basin in question was repurposed during the Abbasid period as part of a low fountain with a unique water-circulation system that bears some similarities to the fountains of Islamic Spain.
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ARS Orientalis
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