Association between autoimmune diseases and glioblastoma: results from national inpatient database

Background: Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is the most frequent malignancy among primary brain tumors in adults and has one of the worst 5-year survival rates among all human cancers. Certain autoimmune diseases (AID) and their treatments may increase the risk of cancer. Studies report conflicting data about the effects of AID on the risk of GBM. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of AID on the risk of GBM. Methods: Discharge data for 2020 Nationwide Inpatient Sample, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), which approximates a 20% stratified sample of all US hospitalizations, were analyzed. Cases of AID and GBM were identified using the ICD10 codes. Autoimmune comorbidity index was used for the combined autoimmune diseases. Weighted Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between GBM and AID and adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using SAS survey logistic regression procedure. Results: Among 6,471,165 admissions, 178,254 patients were identified with AID. The prevalence of GBM in patients with AD was 0.07% compared to 0.12% in patients without AID (