利用综合杂草管理系统管理加拿大草原上的抗除草剂杂草

IF 3.5 Q1 AGRONOMY
B. Tidemann, K. Harker, Steve Shirtliffe, Christian Willenborg, Eric Johnson, Robert Gulden, N. Lupwayi, T. Turkington, Emma C. Stephens, R. Blackshaw, Charles M. Geddes, Hiroshi Kubota, G. Semach, Alick Mulenga, Cindy Gampe, Larry Michielsen, Patty Reid, Elizabeth Sroka, Jennifer Zuidhof
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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管几十年来除草剂一直是加拿大西部地区主要且有效的杂草控制策略,但除草剂的抗药性和缺乏新的作用模式导致杂草管理面临挑战。综合杂草管理策略已被证明能成功控制某些在种植系统中造成问题的杂草种类。本研究的目的是调查在单个物种上取得成功的杂草综合管理策略,以确定这些策略是否适用于田间可能共存的多种杂草物种。此外,还将收割杂草种子控制纳入这些综合杂草管理策略,以确定其对加拿大西部耕作系统的影响。从 2016 年到 2020 年,在加拿大 AB 省的 Beaverlodge、Lacombe 和 Lethbridge;SK 省的 Scott 和 Saskatoon;以及 MB 省的 Carman 开展了一项为期 5 年的轮作研究,其中纳入了综合杂草管理策略,如轮作作物多样性(包括冬季一年生和多年生作物)、提高播种率、作物青贮、收集秕谷,以及使用或不使用作物内除草剂。这项研究证实,在增加播种率、种植两年早割青贮大麦和竞争性冬季谷物的种植系统中,即使不施用作物内除草剂,也能成功控制某些杂草种类,如野燕麦。然而,一些杂草的生长形态(如缠绕杂草)或生命周期(如面冬一年生杂草)并不能通过这种策略组合成功控制。收集谷糠可带来控制杂草的增量效益,但不能替代除草剂控制杂草。杂草密度对这些综合杂草管理策略的成功与否有着明显的影响,这表明越早采用这些策略,就越有可能成功保持或降低杂草密度。这项研究不仅显示了在加拿大西部采用有效策略减少对除草剂依赖的能力,还强调了进一步了解不同杂草种类及其对综合杂草管理策略反应的必要性,以及采用综合杂草管理策略管理杂草群落的复杂性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Using integrated weed management systems to manage herbicide-resistant weeds in the Canadian Prairies
Although herbicides have been a dominant and effective weed control strategy for decades in Western Canada, herbicide resistance and the lack of new modes of action have resulted in weed management challenges. Integrated weed management strategies have been shown to be successful in controlling certain weed species that are problematic in cropping systems. The objective of this study was to investigate integrated weed management strategies that have been successful on individual species to determine their applicability to a multiple weed species that may coexist in a field. In addition, harvest weed seed control was incorporated into these integrated weed management strategies to determine its impact in western Canadian cropping systems. A 5-year rotational study was conducted from 2016 to 2020 at Beaverlodge, Lacombe, and Lethbridge, AB; Scott and Saskatoon, SK; and Carman, MB, that incorporated integrated weed management strategies such as rotational crop diversity (including winter annuals and perennials), increased seeding rates, crop silaging, chaff collection, and with or without in-crop herbicides. This research confirmed success in managing some species of weeds such as wild oat when increased seeding rates, 2 years of early cut silage barley, and competitive winter cereals were incorporated into a cropping system, even when no in-crop herbicides were applied. However, some weed growth morphologies (e.g., twining weeds) or life cycles (e.g., facultative winter annuals) were not managed successfully with this combination of strategies. Chaff collection provided incremental weed control benefits but did not serve as a replacement for herbicidal weed control. Weed densities had an apparent impact on the success of these integrated weed management strategies, suggesting that the sooner they are adopted, the more likely they are to be successful at maintaining or reducing weed densities. This study not only showed the ability to reduce reliance on herbicides with strategies that can be effective in Western Canada but also highlighted the need for further understanding of different weed species and their responses to integrated weed management strategies, as well as the complexity of managing a weed community with integrated weed management.
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Agronomy
Frontiers in Agronomy Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
123
审稿时长
13 weeks
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