Improving the Fuel and Energy Complex of Kazakhstan: the Path to a Sustainable Energy Future

This article examines the current state and prospects for the development of the fuel and energy complex (FEC) in the Republic of Kazakhstan with an emphasis on achieving sustainability in the energy sector. The fuel and energy complex is a branch of the economy that includes all stages of production, transportation and consumption of energy resources, such as oil, gas, coal, electricity, etc. The fuel and energy complex includes the extraction of raw materials, their processing, transmission and distribution, as well as end use in various economic sectors. The historical context, problems and challenges facing the fuel and energy complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as strategies and measures aimed at improving this industry are also analyzed. Environmental, economic and social aspects of sustainability are considered in the context of their impact on the country's development. The article emphasizes the importance of balanced development, including compliance with environmental standards and minimizing negative impacts on the environment. The study includes an analysis of international experience and cooperation, and also provides recommendations for ensuring a sustainable energy future for the Republic of Kazakhstan.