20 世纪 70 年代亚里士多德学会对亚里士多德的研究表明英国哲学具有特殊的历史哲学风格

R. Yuriev
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摘要

文章旨在介绍当代著名古代哲学学者乔纳森-巴恩斯(Jonathan Barnes)对亚里士多德关于意识和灵魂的学说的研究,以此作为 1970-1980 年代英国分析哲学,特别是亚里士多德学会内出现的某种历史哲学风格的一个例子。研究表明,历史哲学风格在亚里士多德学会内部的发展延续了缓慢接受大陆哲学思想的传统,这一传统在亚里士多德学会兴起和发展的早期就已被注意到。这可以用英国哲学在这一时期形成的某些理论孤立来解释,它在历史哲学研究中打上了自己的烙印,并表现为概念分析的应用和将其成果纳入现代哲学语境。尽管巴恩斯通过当代版本的物理主义和二元论的棱镜来思考亚里士多德关于意识和灵魂的教导,但亚里士多德的教导对他们起到什么作用的问题仍未得到解答。作者提出的论点是,在这种情况下,J. 巴恩斯对亚里士多德的意识和灵魂问题的分析似乎不如之前在大陆哲学史上的经院哲学和现象学的方法更有成效。
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The study of Aristotle in the Aristotelian Society in the 1970s as an indicator of the special historico-philosophical style of British Philosophy
The article aims to present the study of Aristotle’s teaching on consciousness and soul conducted by the well-known contemporary scholar of ancient philosophy, Jonathan Barnes, as an example of a certain historical-philosophical style that emerged within British analytic philosophy as a whole and within the Aristotelian Society in particular during 1970-1980s. It is shown that the development of the historical-philosophical style within the Aristotelian Society at this time continues the tradition of slow reception of ideas from continental philosophy, which was noted already in the early period of Society emergence and development. This is explained by certain theoretical isolation that had developed by this time in British philosophy, which had its imprint on historical-philosophical studies and is expressed in the application of conceptual analysis and the inclusion of its results into the modern philosophical context. Although Barnes considers Aristotle’s teaching on consciousness and soul through the prism of contemporary versions of physicalism and dualism, the question of what role the Aristotelian teaching plays for them remains unanswered. The author puts forward the thesis that in this case, J. Barnes’s analysis of the Aristotelian problem of consciousness and soul appears less productive than the previously developed approaches in scholasticism and phenomenology in the continental history of philosophy.
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